terça-feira, 29 de abril de 2025

ESCOLA NAVAL 2021– English Exam (Multiple Choice Questions)

  

PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA - CPAEN 2021 - CONCURSO PÚBLICO DE ADMISSÃO À ESCOLA NAVAL

•    LINKS  


•    PROVA  
  • 18 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 5 Options Each Question.

•    TEXTO  

Read the text below and answer question 23.

 Dedicated to helping his community

Dedicado a ajudar sua comunidade

December 2020

When the country went into coronavirus lockdown this year, one Royal Navy sailor sprang into action to protect his local community with all the dedication and efficiency of a military operation.

Quando o país entrou em confinamento devido ao coronavírus este ano, um marinheiro da Marinha Real entrou em ação para proteger a sua comunidade local com toda a dedicação e eficiência de uma operação militar.

Chief Petty Officer Sean Mackenzie has served in the Royal Navy for 29 years and works at Royal Navy Air Station Culdrose in Cornwall. So when people in his village of Tregony faced the uncertainty of lockdown in March, CPO Mackenzie knew exactly what to do.

O suboficial Sean Mackenzie serviu na Marinha Real por 29 anos e trabalha na Estação Aérea da Marinha Real Culdrose, na Cornualha. Assim, quando as pessoas na sua aldeia de Tregony enfrentaram a incerteza do confinamento em março, o CPO Mackenzie sabia exatamente o que fazer.

In the navy, he specialises in logistics at 1700 Naval Air Squadron, which deploys teams of sailors around the world to allow flying operations on navy warships, support ships and air bases. He also supervises a team of 70 personnel at Culdrose's extensive supply chain depot.

Na Marinha, ele se especializou em logística no 1700 Naval Air Squadron, que mobiliza equipes de marinheiros ao redor do mundo para permitir operações de voo em navios de guerra da Marinha, navios de apoio e bases aéreas. Ele também supervisiona uma equipe de 70 pessoas no extenso depósito da cadeia de suprimentos de Culdrose.

"From the first day of lockdown, I got together with a couple of former military men and we created our own group," he said. "We did rounds of the village and we deliberately made it as military as we could. I wanted to help my community and these people in it are all part of that together."

Desde o primeiro dia de confinamento, juntei-me a alguns ex-militares e criamos o nosso próprio grupo”, disse ele. “Fizemos rondas pela aldeia e deliberadamente tornamo-la o mais militar possível. Eu queria ajudar a minha comunidade e todas as pessoas que vivem nela fazem parte disso juntas.

His team of volunteers, which grew to 27 people, immediately set up a 'smiley-face system' where anyone, many of them elderly, could indicate with a simple sign in their window if they needed help or not.

A sua equipa de voluntários, que cresceu para 27 pessoas, criou imediatamente um “sistema de carinhas sorridentes” onde qualquer pessoa, muitos deles idosos, podia indicar com um simples sinal na sua janela se precisava de ajuda ou não.

Regular smiley-face patrols were soon underway every day in the village of around 450 households. This was followed by a 'buddy system', where socially-isolated people could receive a visit and talk to someone - for many it could be their only contact all day, [...] from a safe distance outside.

Patrulhas regulares de rostos sorridentes logo começaram a ser realizadas todos os dias na aldeia de cerca de 450 famílias. Seguiu-se um 'sistema de camaradagem', onde pessoas socialmente isoladas podiam receber uma visita e falar com alguém - para muitos poderia ser o seu único contacto durante todo o dia, [...] a uma distância segura do exterior.

The team also prepared an emergency kitchen [...], established their own foodbank and updated noticeboards with the latest advice.

A equipa também preparou uma cozinha de emergência [...], criou o seu próprio banco de alimentos e atualizou quadros de avisos com os conselhos mais recentes.

They bought food for those who could not get out, including up to 20 visits a day to the local shop. Soon, dog­ walking and pizza-delivery services followed as well as a medicine delivery service, which collected more than 2,000 prescriptions over lockdown, which were then personally handed out to each patient.

Eles compraram comida para aqueles que não podiam sair, incluindo até 20 visitas por dia ao comércio local. Logo surgiram serviços de passeio com cães e entrega de pizza, bem como um serviço de entrega de medicamentos, que coletou mais de 2.000 receitas durante o bloqueio, que foram então entregues pessoalmente a cada paciente.

All of this was on top of Chief Petty Officer Mackenzie's responsibilities at work, where he continued as a key-worker, helping to ensure that the Royal Navy could still meet its key defence requirements.

Tudo isso se somava às responsabilidades do suboficial Mackenzie no trabalho, onde continuou como trabalhador-chave, ajudando a garantir que a Marinha Real ainda pudesse atender aos seus principais requisitos de defesa.

"I was really aware that everyone needed help and I was capable of helping. I was also aware that my own parents were sat in a similar situation, but 300 miles away. Here I could do something to help my community."

Eu estava realmente ciente de que todos precisavam de ajuda e eu era capaz de ajudar. Eu também estava ciente de que meus próprios pais estavam em uma situação semelhante, mas a 300 milhas de distância. Aqui eu poderia fazer algo para ajudar minha comunidade.

He has now been singled out for an award by the commanding officer of RNAS Culdrose, Captain Stuart Finn, who said: "Chief Petty Officer Mackenzie has displayed exemplary leadership skills, both in his professional capacity with the Royal Navy and a selfless approach to service in his local community."

Ele foi agora escolhido para um prêmio pelo comandante do RNAS Culdrose, capitão Stuart Finn, que disse: "O suboficial Mackenzie demonstrou habilidades de liderança exemplares, tanto em sua capacidade profissional na Marinha Real quanto em uma abordagem altruísta ao serviço. em sua comunidade local."

  • Adapted from "Dedicated to helping his community". Naval News, p. 39, December 2020. https://www.cornwalllive.com

23 – Decide if the statements below are true (T) or false (F) according to the text. Then choose the option that contains the correct sequence.

  • (  ) After retiring from the Navy, Sean Mackenzie decided to help his community during coronavirus lockdown.
  • (  ) Sean Mackenzie was helped by a team of 70 volunteers.
  • (  ) People could show that they needed help by putting a sign in their window.
  • (  ) Mackenzie and other volunteers helped people in different ways, such as delivering food and medicine to them.
  • ( ) Mackenzie's parents, who live near him, also needed help during lockdown.

(A) (T) (T) (T) (T) (F)

(B) (F) (T) (T) (F) (T)

(C) (F) (F) (T) (T) (F)

(D) (F) (T) (T) (T) (T)

(E) (T) (F) (F) (T) (F)

  •   Gabarito C  

(A) (T) (T) (T) (T) (F)

(B) (F) (T) (T) (F) (T)

(C) (F) (F) (T) (T) (F)

(D) (F) (T) (T) (T) (T)

(E) (T) (F) (F) (T) (F)

  • ( F) After retiring from the Navy, Sean Mackenzie decided to help his community during coronavirus lockdown.
  • ( F ) Sean Mackenzie was helped by a team of 70 volunteers.
  • ( T ) People could show that they needed help by putting a sign in their window.
  • ( T ) Mackenzie and other volunteers helped people in different ways, such as delivering food and medicine to them.
  • ( F) Mackenzie's parents, who live near him, also needed help during lockdown.
•    TEXTO  
Read the text below and answer questions 24 and 25.

U.K. hospitals are overburdened. But the British love their universal health care

Os hospitais do Reino Unido estão sobrecarregados. Mas os britânicos adoram os seus cuidados de saúde universais

March 7, 2018 7 de março de 2018

When Erich McElroy takes the stage at comedy clubs in London, his routine includes a joke about the first time he went to see a doctor in Britain. Quando Erich McElroy sobe ao palco de clubes de comédia em Londres, sua rotina inclui uma piada sobre a primeira vez que foi ao médico na Grã-Bretanha.

Originally from Seattle, McElroy, 45, has lived in London for almost 20 years. A stand-up comedian, he's made a career out of poking fun at the differences in the ways Americans versus Britons see the world - and one of the biggest differences is their outlook on health care. Natural de Seattle, McElroy, 45 anos, mora em Londres há quase 20 anos. Comediante de stand-up, ele fez carreira zombando das diferenças na forma como os americanos e os britânicos veem o mundo - e uma das maiores diferenças é a visão deles sobre os cuidados de saúde.

"I saw a doctor, who gave me a couple pills and sent me on my way. But I still hadn't really done any paperwork. I was like, 'This isn't right!' " McElroy says onstage, to giggles from the crowd. "So I went back to the same woman, and I said, 'What do I do now?' And she said, 'You go home!'" Eu consultei um médico, que me deu alguns comprimidos e me mandou embora. Mas eu ainda não tinha feito nenhuma papelada. Eu pensei, 'Isso não está certo!' " McElroy diz no palco, arrancando risadas da multidão. “Então voltei para a mesma mulher e disse: 'O que eu faço agora?' E ela disse: 'Vá para casa! 

The mostly British audience erupts into laughter. O público majoritariamente britânico cai na gargalhada. 

McElroy acknowledges it doesn't sound like much of a joke. He's just recounting his first experience at a U.K. public hospital. But Britons find it hilarious, he says, that an American would be searching for a cash register, trying to find how to pay for treatment at a doctor's office or hospital. It is a foreign concept here, McElroy explains. McElroy reconhece que não parece uma piada. Ele está apenas contando sua primeira experiência em um hospital público do Reino Unido. Mas os britânicos acham hilário, diz ele, que um americano esteja procurando uma caixa registradora, tentando descobrir como pagar um tratamento em um consultório médico ou hospital. É um conceito estranho aqui, explica McElroy. 

Onstage, McElroy recounts how, when the hospital receptionist instructed him to go home, he turned to her and exclaimed, "This is amazing!" No palco, McElroy conta como, quando a recepcionista do hospital o instruiu a ir para casa, ele se virou para ela e exclamou: “Isso é incrível!”

Amazing, he says, because he did not have to pay - at least not at the point of service. In Britain, there is a state-funded system called the National Health Service, or NHS, which guarantees care for all. That means everything from ambulance rides and emergency room visits to long hospital stays, complex surgery, radiation and chemotherapy - are all free. Incrível, diz ele, porque não precisou pagar – pelo menos não no ponto de atendimento. Na Grã-Bretanha, existe um sistema financiado pelo Estado denominado Serviço Nacional de Saúde, ou NHS, que garante cuidados para todos. Isso significa que tudo, desde viagens de ambulância e visitas ao pronto-socorro até longas internações hospitalares, cirurgias complexas, radioterapia e quimioterapia - são todos gratuitos.

They are paid for with payroll taxes. In addition, any medication you get during a hospital visit is free, and the cost of most prescription drugs at a pharmacy are cheap - a few dollars. (Private health care also exists in the U.K., paid out-of-pocket or through private insurance coverage, but only a small minority of residents opt for it.) Eles são pagos com impostos sobre a folha de pagamento. Além disso, qualquer medicamento que você receba durante uma visita ao hospital é gratuito e o custo da maioria dos medicamentos prescritos em uma farmácia é barato - alguns dólares. (Os cuidados de saúde privados também existem no Reino Unido, pagos do próprio bolso ou através de cobertura de seguro privado, mas apenas uma pequena minoria de residentes opta por eles.)

Since the 2008 financial crisis, the U.K., like many countries, has been taking in less tax revenue - so it has had to cut spending. Its expenditure on the National Health Service has still grown, but at a slower pace than before. [... ] Wait times at the emergency room are up, says Richard Murray, policy director at the King's Fund, a health care think tank. Desde a crise financeira de 2008, o Reino Unido, tal como muitos países, tem recebido menos receitas fiscais – por isso teve de cortar despesas. As suas despesas com o Serviço Nacional de Saúde ainda cresceram, mas a um ritmo mais lento do que antes. [...] O tempo de espera no pronto-socorro aumentou, diz Richard Murray, diretor de políticas do King's Fund, um think tank de saúde. 

"If the ER is really busy, it makes the ambulances queue outside the front door - not great," Murray says. "And in some cases, the hospital is simply full." “Se o pronto-socorro estiver muito ocupado, as ambulâncias farão fila do lado de fora da porta da frente – o que não é ótimo”, diz Murray. “E em alguns casos, o hospital está simplesmente lotado”.

24 – Which option replaces the word "overburdened" in the title "U.K. hospitals are overburdened", according to its meaning in the text?

(A) Completely broke.

(B) Completely crowded.

(C) Completely abandoned.

(D) Extremely expensive.

(E) Extremely bad.

  •   Gabarito B  

(A) Completely broke.

(B) Completely crowded.

(C) Completely abandoned.

(D) Extremely expensive.

(E) Extremely bad.

  • "U.K. hospitals are overburdened"
  • Os hospitais do Reino Unido estão sobrecarregados
25 – According to the text, which option is correct?

(A) British and American people share the same opinion about health care.

(B) Mr. McElroy was dissatisfied with his first experience at a British hospital.

(C) In Britain, the majority of the population prefers the public health system.

(D) Only British people attend Mr. McElroy's gigs at comedy clubs in London.

(E) British people do not like it when Mr. McElroy makes fun of the NHS.

  •   Gabarito C  

(A) British and American people share the same opinion about health care.

(B) Mr. McElroy was dissatisfied with his first experience at a British hospital.

(C) In Britain, the majority of the population prefers the public health system.

(D) Only British people attend Mr. McElroy's gigs at comedy clubs in London.

(E) British people do not like it when Mr. McElroy makes fun of the NHS.

•    TEXTO  

Read the text below and answer question 26. 

Time to envision legal recourse for climate refugees 

As gradually worsening climate patterns and severe weather events prompt an increase in human mobility, people who choose to move will do so with little legal protection. The current system of international law is not equipped to protect climate migrants, as there are no legally binding agreements obliging countries to support climate migrants.

While climate migrants who flee unbearable conditions resemble refugees, the legal protections afforded to refugees do not extend to them. In the aftermath of World War II, the United Nations established a system to protect civilians who had been forced from their home countries by political violence. Today, there are almost 20.4 million officially designated refugees under the protection of the United Nations High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR), but there is an additional group of 21.5 million people who flee their homes as a result of sudden onset weather hazards every year.

The UNHCR has refused  to grant these people refugee status, instead designating them as "environmental migrants," in large part because it lacks the resources to address their needs. But with no organized effort to supervise the migrant population, these desperate individuals go where they can, not necessarily where they should. As their numbers grow, it will become increasingly difficult for the international community to ignore this challenge. As • severe climate change displaces more people, the international community may be  forced  to either redefine "refugees" to include climate migrants or create a new legal category and accompanying institutional framework to protect climate migrants. However, opening that debate in the current context would be very difficult. Currently, the atmosphere in Europe and the U.S. would most likely lead to limiting refugee protections rather than expanding them.

Adapted from https://www.brookings.edu)

26 – Choose the correct option according to the text. 

(A) The number of people who are fleeing home due to climate change is stable.

(B) There is some similarity between climate migrants and refugees.

(C) The UNHCR can afford to protect climate migrants and refugees.

(D) The international community is considering revising the definition for refugee.

(E) The U.S. and European countries want to increase refugee protections.

  •   Gabarito B  

(A) The number of people who are fleeing home due to climate change is stable.

(B) There is some similarity between climate migrants and refugees.

(C) The UNHCR can afford to protect climate migrants and refugees.

(D) The international community is considering revising the definition for refugee.

(E) The U.S. and European countries want to increase refugee protections.

27 – Which is the correct option to complete the text below? 

A good CV 

It starts with a brilliant summary that makes people ____ more; it is daring, lively. You rarely need ____ trivial details of your early education or training except in passing.

Your CV is a creative document that allows you what you think is appropriate, compared with forms, which confine self-expression; you might as well ____ that freedom! 

(A) to want to read / explain / to say / to use

(B) want to read / explaining / saying / using

(C) want to read / to explain / to say/ use

(D) want reading / to explain / say/ use

(E) to want to read / explaining / saying / to use

  •   Gabarito C  

(A) to want to read / explain / to say / to use

(B) want to read / explaining / saying / using

(C) want to read / to explain / to say/ use

(D) want reading / to explain / say/ use

(E) to want to read / explaining / saying / to use

28 – Mark the sentence that is INCORRECT.

(A) You'd feel like dozing off in class if no one could see or hear you doing that.

(B) If your face is on the screen, it'll definitely make it just a better experience.

(C) If you have your own space, it can be really easy to live in almost exclusively.

(D) You'd get bored if you spend your entire day essentially in your bedroom.

(E) If you see your children are not doing their work, just check up on them.

  •   Gabarito D  

Mark the sentence that is INCORRECT.

(A) You'd feel like dozing off in class if no one could see or hear you doing that.

(B) If your face is on the screen, it'll definitely make it just a better experience.

(C) If you have your own space, it can be really easy to live in almost exclusively.

(D) You'd get bored if you spend your entire day essentially in your bedroom.

(E) If you see your children are not doing their work, just check up on them.

29 – Mark the option that completes the excerpt below correctly. 

[...] Then he ____ a lot, and I that I did. He ___ where, and I ____ him that I _____ throughout Europe and to the east coast in America, primarily.

(MCDANIEL, Phyllis. Over the line: a Detective Bendix mystery VI. 2013. p. 200)

(A) asked / travel / said / asked if / told / had gone

(B) asked / traveled I told / asked if / said / went

(C) asked if /  travel / told / asked / said / go

(D) asked if / traveled / told / asked / said / go

(E) asked if / traveled / said / asked / told / went

  •   Gabarito E  

(A) asked / travel / said / asked if / told / had gone

(B) asked / traveled I told / asked if / said / went

(C) asked if /  travel / told / asked / said / go

(D) asked if / traveled / told / asked / said / go

(E) asked if / traveled / said / asked / told / went

30 – Which option completes the text below correctly? 

Ultimately you can't go long term without an appropriate duration of sleep, so it's important to try to get ____ sleep ____ nights.

While everyone's exact sleep requirements are different, on average you should be getting between six and nine hours of sleep a night. Your brain is hardwired for what it needs. Getting less sleep than you need can cause sleepiness and moodiness, as well as difficulty concentrating, poor coordination and poor work quality.

Overall it's important to try to maintain a consistent and regular sleep cycle. Be aware that when you miss sleep, it'll take ____ days to get back on track.

(Adapted from https://wexnermedical.osu.edu/)

(A) much / all / a little

(B) much / every / any

(C) enough / every / a little

(D) enough / most / a few

(E) many / most / a few

  •   Gabarito D  

(A) much / all / a little

(B) much / every / any

(C) enough / every / a little

(D) enough / most / a few

(E) many / most / a few

31 – Choose the correct option to complete the text below. 

In February, the Royal Navy's submarine HMS Talent (S92) ____ the upgraded Spearfish torpedo near the Isle of Skye to rigorously test it before it ____ service.

During the three-day trial, the torpedo _____ at Talent three times and _____ to safely   pass submarine.

The trials _____ valuable data in the final stages of the upgraded torpedo's development ahead of its entry into service.

The operational version of the weapon _____ to all front-line Royal Navy submarines by 2025. 

(Adapted from https://www.navaltoday.com)

(A) was fired / will enter / fired / programmed / provided / will introduce

(B) fired / enters I was fired / was programmed / provided / will be introduced

(C) was fired / entered / was fired / was programmed / were provided / will introduce

(D) fired / enters / fired / was programmed / were provided / will introduce

(E) was fired / entered / fired I programmed / provided / will be introduced

  •   Gabarito B  

(A) was fired / will enter / fired / programmed / provided / will introduce

(B) fired / enters I was fired / was programmed / provided / will be introduced

(C) was fired / entered / was fired / was programmed / were provided / will introduce

(D) fired / enters / fired / was programmed / were provided / will introduce

(E) was fired / entered / fired I programmed / provided / will be introduced

32 – Which is the correct option to complete the text below? 

Personnel aboard HMS Queen Elizabeth ___ in a sports day to reinvigorate interest in team sports.

The event, led by the NAVYfit team at HMS Temeraire, working under Covid-19 guidance, provided an opportunity for personnel to ___ in a range of activities, designed to show the importance of sport and fitness to health and well-being.

("Sporting opportunities for carrier personnel".

Naval News, p. 36, December 2020.)

(A) took part / take part

(B) took place/ take place

(C) got over / take off

(D) got up / get up

(E) got away with / get away with

  •   Gabarito A  

(A) took part / take part

(B) took place/ take place

(C) got over / take off

(D) got up / get up

(E) got away with / get away with

 TEXTO: Read the information below. 

How do I know if I'm eligible to apply to the Naval Academy?

You must be:

- at least 17 years of age and must not have passed your 23rd birthday on July 1st of the year of admission;

- unmarried, not pregnant and have no incurred obligations

of parenthood; and

- a United States citizen (except for the limited quotas of international midshipmen specifically authorized by Congress).

(Adapted from https://www.usna.edu/)

33 – Considering only the requirements above, who can apply to the Naval Academy?

(A) A woman who is expecting a baby.

(B) A married American man who is eighteen years old.

(C) Any foreign person who lives in the US.

(D) A nineteen-year-old American woman who is single.

(E) An unmarried man over twenty-four who was born in the US.

  •   Gabarito D  

Considering only the requirements above, who can apply to the Naval Academy?

(A) A woman who is expecting a baby.

(B) A married American man who is eighteen years old.

(C) Any foreign person who lives in the US.

(D) A nineteen-year-old American woman who is single.

(E) An unmarried man over twenty-four who was born in the US.

34 – Which option completes the paragraph below correctly? 

"Would you like to go to Vyas Chhatri, madam?" Lal asks, as I get back into the car. "It was built in honour of Maharishi Ved Vyas. I'm sure your head tells you to go back, but your heart doesn't want to let go of the opportunity, ______ ?"

(Adapted from www.travelandleisureindia.in)

(A) aren't you

(B) isn't it

(C) does it

(D) is it

(E) doesn't it

  •   Gabarito C  

(A) aren't you

(B) isn't it

(C) does it

(D) is it

(E) doesn't it

35 – Which is the correct option to complete the text below? 

Social engineering: here's how you ____ be hacked 

Learn  how  social  engineering _____ affect you,  plus common examples to help you identify and stay safe from these schemes.

Social engineering is an important term in the security world, but you ____ not be familiar with exactly what it means. While it is a broad subject, there are specific types of social engineering that we ____ examine to learn more. Let's look at social engineering as a concept so you ____  avoid falling victim to it.

Social engineering is the act of manipulating people to steal private information from them, or make them  give up such confidential details.

(Adapted from https://www.muo.com)

(A) could / can / might / can / can

(B) must / should / must / could / must

(C) should / must / might / ought to /  can

(D) must / can/ must / can / should

(E) could / should / must / ought to / must

  •   Gabarito A  

(A) could / can / might / can / can

(B) must / should / must / could / must

(C) should / must / might / ought to /  can

(D) must / can/ must / can / should

(E) could / should / must / ought to / must

36 – Read the sentences below.

  • I - She has a _____ job.
  • II - I enjoyed the movie at first, but after a time I got ____ with it.
  • Ill - I was ____ at her knowledge of literature.
  • IV - Which do you find more ____, traveling by car or by bus? 

Which option completes the sentences correctly? 

(A) stressed / boring / surprised / tired

(B) stressful / boring / surprising / tiring

(C) stressing / bored / surprising / tired

(D) stressed / boring / surprised / tireless

(E) stressful / bored / surprised / tiring

  •   Gabarito E  

(A) stressed / boring / surprised / tired

(B) stressful / boring / surprising / tiring

(C) stressing / bored / surprising / tired

(D) stressed / boring / surprised / tireless

(E) stressful / bored / surprised / tiring

37 – Which word best completes the question below? 

_____ advice do you follow more, your parents' or your friends' advice? 

(A) Who

(B) Whom

(C) Whose

(D) When

(E) Where

  •   Gabarito C  

(A) Who

(B) Whom

(C) Whose

(D) When

(E) Where

38 – Which option completes the paragraph below correctly?

[...] Go on, don't let the conversation die. Say something; just keep talking. "Do you read many novels? You do? ____ , or some at least, though nonfiction is more in my line…”.

(Adapted from CALVINO, ltalo. If on a winter's night a traveller.Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Inc.,1981. p.21)

(A) I do neither

(B) So do I

(C) Nor do I

(D) So I do

(E) Neither do I

  •   Gabarito B  

(A) I do neither

(B) So do I

(C) Nor do I

(D) So I do

(E) Neither do I

39 – Which option completes the text below correctly? 

Do you feel mentally  drained out ____ office? Are you constantly worried ____ meeting your deadline or are unable ____ achieve your targets? All these can lead ____ stress, a  phenomenon  faced ____ the majority of the working population.

(https://www.thehealthsite.com)

(A) after / with / of / to / for

(B) after/ about / to / to / by

(C) before I with / of/ from / with

(D) before / of/ to / from / by

(E) during / about / of / to / for

  •   Gabarito B  

(A) after / with / of / to / for

(B) after/ about / to / to / by

(C) before I with / of/ from / with

(D) before / of/ to / from / by

(E) during / about / of / to / for

40 – Which option completes the paragraph below correctly? 

Brazil has joined Combined Maritime Forces (CMF) 

"On July 30th, the Brazilian Navy ______ the invitation letter from the CCFM accepting the affiliation as a full member of the CMF. The Brazilian Navy _____ kind of event an excellent opportunity _____ this ties of friendship, as well as _____ cooperation and mutual

respect among the participating navies," a spokesperson for the Brazilian Navy _____ .

(Adapted from https://www.navaltoday.com)

(A) answered / will consider / to reinforce / to promote / say

(B) has answered / has considered / reinforcing / promoting / say

(C) answers/ considered/ reinforces/ promotes / says

(D) answered / considers / to reinforce / to promote / said

(E) has answered / will consider / to reinforce / promoting / said

  •   Gabarito D  

(A) answered / will consider / to reinforce / to promote / say

(B) has answered / has considered / reinforcing / promoting / say

(C) answers/ considered/ reinforces/ promotes / says

(D) answered / considers / to reinforce / to promote / said

(E) has answered / will consider / to reinforce / promoting / said

ESCOLA NAVAL 2022– English Exam (Multiple Choice Questions)

  

PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA - CPAEN 2022 - CONCURSO PÚBLICO DE ADMISSÃO À ESCOLA NAVAL   

•    LINKS  


•    PROVA  
  • 18 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 5 Options Each Question.
  • Texto (1)  – | What lt's Like to Live in the Jungle for a Month | fieldmuseum.org |
  • Texto (2)  – | Brazilian Navy releases new 20-year plan | janes.com |
  • Texto (3)  – | Sleeping longer than 6.5 hours a night associated with cognitive decline according to research - what's really going on here? | https://theconversation.com |
•    TEXTO I  
Read the text below and answer questions 23, 24 and 25.
What lt's Like to Live in the Jungle for a Month
Como é viver na selva por um mês
December 10, 2018
Lesley de Souza (Keller Science Action Center)
1º PARÁGRAFO:
Our team of Field Museum scientists - experts on fish, plants, amphibians, mammals, and more - traveled to Colombia to join regional and national scientists for a month, with the goal of going deep into the rainforest and documenting as much wildlife as possible.
Nossa equipe de cientistas do Field Museum – especialistas em peixes, plantas, anfíbios, mamíferos e muito mais – viajou para a Colômbia para se juntar a cientistas regionais e nacionais durante um mês, com o objetivo de se aprofundar na floresta tropical e documentar o máximo possível de vida selvagem.
►We've done several trips like this, called rapid inventories, in the Amazon basin, but this one felt especially important.
Fizemos diversas viagens como esta, chamadas de inventários rápidos, na bacia amazônica, mas esta pareceu especialmente importante.
►We were exploring an area that no scientists had entered for over sixty years because of guerrillas.
Estávamos explorando uma área onde nenhum cientista entrava há mais de sessenta anos por causa da guerrilha.
2º PARÁGRAFO:
Now we're able to venture into this region, but it is also exposed to threats.
Agora podemos aventurar-nos nesta região, mas ela também está exposta a ameaças.
►Deforestation is moving into this area at an alarming rate.
O desmatamento está atingindo esta área a um ritmo alarmante.
►With a focused mission, we explore the beautiful landscape and its many diverse critters while working and learning from the people who live there.
Com uma missão focada, nós exploramos a bela paisagem e suas diversas criaturas enquanto trabalhamos e aprendemos com as pessoas que lá vivem.
3º PARÁGRAFO:
►But getting into the rainforest - it's no easy feat!
Mas entrar na floresta tropical não é tarefa fácil!
►After taking a commercial airliner from Chicago, we made our way into the jungle by bush plane, upriver by boat, and lastly, on our own two feet.
Depois de pegar um avião comercial de Chicago, nós seguimos para a selva de avião de mato, rio acima de barco e, por último, com nossos próprios pés.
►To get to one campsite, we hiked for a mile in a flooded creek, balancing on floating logs.
Para chegar a um acampamento, nós caminhamos quase uma milha em um riacho inundado, nos equilibrando em troncos flutuantes.
4º PARÁGRAFO:
►Each campsite is a little different, but it's always important to set up a kitchen and dining area!
Cada acampamento é um pouco diferente, mas é sempre importante montar uma cozinha e área de jantar!
►Typical meals include fish, rice, beans, plantains, and oatmeal repeat, repeat, repeat.
As refeições típicas incluem peixe, arroz, feijão, bananas e aveia, repite, repite, repite.
►A definite bonus of fieldwork life?
 Um bônus definitivo da vida de trabalho de campo?
►Brewing fresh hot chocolate from local cacao in the jungle.
Preparando chocolate quente fresco com cacau local na selva.
►Plus, lots of coffee keeps us going for long days (and late nights) of collecting and recording data.
Além disso, muito café nos mantém em atividade por longos dias (e até tarde da noite) coletando e registrando dados.
5º PARÁGRAFO:
►You realize what a force nature is - especially during rainy season in the Amazon.
Percebe-se como a natureza é poderosa - especialmente durante a estação chuvosa na Amazônia.
►That's why I prefer sleeping off the ground in a hammock.
É por isso que prefiro dormir FORA do chão, numa rede.
►At one particular site, I woke up with water below me.
Em um determinado local, eu acordei com água abaixo de mim.
►The river had risen so much that it flooded the forest.
O rio subira tanto que inundou a floresta.
►But I also love the breeze being suspended in the air.
Mas também adoro a brisa suspensa no ar.
►I'm convinced you sleep better with the swaying...
Estou convencido de que você dorme melhor com o balanço...
6º PARÁGRAFO:
►Of course, we're here to work.
Claro, estamos aqui para trabalhar.
►That means finding, measuring, photographing, identifying, and in some cases, collecting specimens.
Isso significa encontrar, medir, fotografar, identificar e, em alguns casos, coletar espécimes.
►I focus on Neotropical fish species, and I learn A LOT from talking to local people about fishes.
Eu me concentro nas espécies de peixes neotropicais e aprendo MUITO conversando com a população local sobre peixes.
►It is an important part of their diet and the economy.
É uma parte importante da sua dieta e da economia.
►Because they’re fishermen themselves, they have firsthand knowledge of things like fish behavior, where and when to find them, and how to catch them.
Por serem pescadores, eles têm conhecimento em primeira mão de coisas como o comportamento dos peixes, onde e quando encontrá-los e como capturá-los.
►It's such important information when trying to understand the landscape, people, and fishes for conservation.
São informações muito importantes quando se tenta entender a paisagem, as pessoas e os peixes para conservação.
7º PARÁGRAFO:
►At the end of each day, we have seen, collected and photographed so many specimens.
No final de cada dia, vimos, recolhemos e fotografámos muitos exemplares.
►But there is still more work to do at night - which means working by candlelight or putting on our headlamps.
Mas ainda há mais trabalho a fazer à noite - o que significa trabalhar à luz de velas ou acender os faróis.
►Some groups stay up until one in the morning, like the botany team pressing plants.
Alguns grupos ficam acordados até uma da manhã, como a equipe de botânica prensando plantas.
►The reptile & amphibian and fish teams go out for their night survey, and the mammal team sets up mist nets to catch bats!
As equipes de répteis, anfíbios e peixes saem para a pesquisa noturna, e a equipe de mamíferos monta redes de neblina para capturar morcegos!
►It's activity around the clock for a rapid inventory team.
É uma atividade 24 horas por dia para uma equipe de inventário rápido.
8º PARÁGRAFO:
►At the end of the day, we may be exhausted, but it really is a privilege to set foot in these natural areas and learn from the local people and scientists.
No final das contas, podemos estar exaustos, mas é realmente um privilégio pisar nestas áreas naturais e aprender com a população local e os cientistas.
►On this trip alone, we documented 750 species of plants and 686 species of vertebrates!
Só nesta viagem documentamos 750 espécies de plantas e 686 espécies de vertebrados!
►And we estimate there are more than double these numbers in the area.
E estimamos que haja mais que o dobro desses números na área.
►The more we know about what lives in rich natural areas like the Amazon rainforest, the easier it is for us to work together to protect the landscapes where they live and the people who depend on them.
Quanto mais soubermos sobre o que vive em áreas naturais ricas como a floresta amazônica, mais fácil será para nós trabalharmos juntos para proteger as paisagens onde vivem e as pessoas que delas dependem.
(Adapted from https://www.fieldmuseum.org/blog)
23 – The word "creek" in the sentence
  • "To get to one campsite, we hiked for a mile in a flooded creek, balancing on floating logs." (parágrafo 3) means:
(A) small river.
(B) light breeze.
(C) deep ocean.
(D) arid desert.
(E) strong wind.
  •   Gabarito A  
The word "creek" in the sentence "To get to one campsite, we hiked for a mile in a flooded creek, balancing on floating logs." (parágrafo 3) means:
A palavra "riacho" na frase "Para chegar a um acampamento, caminhamos um quilômetro e meio em um riacho inundado, equilibrando-nos em troncos flutuantes". (parágrafo 3) significa:
(A) small river.
rio pequeno.
(B) light breeze.
brisa leve.
(C) deep ocean.
oceano profundo.
(D) arid desert.
deserto árido.
(E) strong wind.
vento forte.
24 – The author does research on:
(A) amphibians.
(B) fish.
(C) mammals.
(D) plants.
(E) reptiles.
  •   Gabarito B  
O autor faz pesquisas sobre:
(A) amphibians. anfíbios.
(B) fish. peixe.
(C) mammals. mamíferos.
(D) plants. plantas.
(E) reptiles. répteis.
6º PARÁGRAFO:
  • "[...] I focus on Neotropical fish species....".
  • Eu me concentro nas espécies de peixes neotropicais...
25 – Decide if the statements below are true (T) or false (F) according to the text.
Then choose the option that contains the correct sequence. 
  • (  ) The text is about a leisure trip.
  • (  ) They spent more than twenty days in Colombia.
  • (  ) Their journey into the fores! was hard.
  • (  ) ln the fores!, lhe author sleeps better on lhe ground. 
  • ( ) They documented less than six hundred species of animais during the trip.
(A) (T) (F) (F) (T) (F)
(B) (F) (T) (T) (T) (T)
(C) (T) (F) (T) (T) (F)
(D) (F) (T) (T) (F) (F)
(E) (T) (T) (F) (F) (T)
  •   Gabarito D  
( F ) The text is about a leisure trip.
O texto trata de uma viagem de lazer.
6º PARÁGRAFO:
►Of course, we're here to work.
Claro, estamos aqui para trabalhar.
( T ) They spent more than twenty days in Colombia.
Eles passaram mais de vinte dias na Colômbia.
1º PARÁGRAFO:
►"[...] traveled to Colombia to join regional and national scientists for a month,"
viajou para a Colômbia para se juntar a cientistas regionais e nacionais durante um mês.
 
( T ) Their journey into the forest was hard.
A jornada deles para a floresta foi difícil.
3º PARÁGRAFO:
►But getting into the rainforest - it's no easy feat!
Mas entrar na floresta tropical não é tarefa fácil! 

( F ) ln the forest, the author sleeps better on lhe ground.
Na floresta, o autor dorme melhor no chão.
5º PARÁGRAFO:
►"[...] That's why I prefer sleeping off the ground in a hammock."
É por isso que prefiro dormir FORA do chão, numa rede.
( F ) They documented less than six hundred species of animais during the trip.
Eles documentaram menos de seiscentas espécies de animais durante a viagem.
8º PARÁGRAFO:
►On this trip alone, we documented 750 species of plants and 686 species of vertebrates!
Só nesta viagem documentamos 750 espécies de 
plantas e 686 espécies de vertebrados!

•    TEXTO II   Read the text below and answer question 26.
Brazilian Navy releases new 20-year plan
Marinha Brasileira divulga novo plano de 20 anos
By Victor Barreira
1º PARÁGRAFO:
The Brazilian Navy is looking to acquire mediumsized general-purpose helicopters and attack, antisubmarine (ASW) and reconnaissance helicopters, according to lhe recently released Brazilian Navy lates! Strategic Plan (Plano Estratégico da Marinha 2040/PEM 2040).
A Marinha Brasileira pretende adquirir helicópteros de médio porte de uso geral e helicópteros de ataque, anti-submarino (ASW) e de reconhecimento, de acordo com o relatório recentemente divulgado pela Marinha Brasileira! Plano Estratégico (Plano Estratégico da Marinha 2040/PEM 2040). 
2º PARÁGRAFO:
The Plan, which was publicly released on 10 September, calls for a host of other new measures to be implemented
over the next 20 years.
O Plano, que foi divulgado publicamente em 10 de Setembro, prevê a implementação de uma série de outras novas medidas ao longo dos próximos 20 anos.
►For example, lhe Navy wants to significantly increase research-and-development (R&D) to develop shipboard systems such as communications, detection, navigation, and electronic warfare. 
Por exemplo, a Marinha pretende aumentar significativamente a pesquisa e desenvolvimento (P&D) para desenvolver sistemas de bordo, tais como comunicações, detecção, navegação e guerra electrôica.
►The R&D increases are also meant to help boost lhe country's Defence Technological and Industrial Base (DTIB).
Os aumentos de P&D também visam ajudar a impulsionar a Base Tecnológica e Industrial de Defesa (BTIB) do país. 
3º PARÁGRAFO:
►The Navy also wants to achieve a minimum of 65% of ships and aircraft operational availability, create a cyber-warfare squadron, and bolster its satellite ability to intercept maritime communications.
Marinha também quer atingir um mínimo de 65% de disponibilidade operacional de navios e aeronaves, criar um esquadrão de guerra cibernética e reforçar a sua capacidade de satélite para interceptar comunicações marítimas.
4º PARÁGRAFO:
►According to the Plan, the Navy is, now going to focus more heavily on operations in lhe Southern Atlantic Ocean, paying particular attention to threats such as piracy, illegal fishing, organised crime, urban conflicts, natural resources dispute, cyber warfare, terrorism, illegal access to knowledge, the pandemics, natural disasters, and environmental issues.
De acordo com o Plano, a Marinha vai agora concentrar-se mais fortemente nas operações no Oceano Atlântico Sul, prestando especial atenção a ameaças como a pirataria, a pesca ilegal, o crime organizado, os conflitos urbanos, a disputa por recursos naturais, a guerra cibernética, o terrorismo, o acesso ilegal ao conhecimento, as pandemias, os desastres naturais e as questões ambientais.
5º PARÁGRAFO:
The document, which does no! describe exact schedules, also covers a range of modernisation projects that were previously planned or initiated, but no! yet effectively implemented or concluded.
O documento, que não descreve cronogramas exatos, abrange também uma série de projetos de modernização que foram previamente planejados ou iniciados, mas ainda não efetivamente implementados ou concluídos.
►These include lhe acquisition of vessels (mine-hunting ships, escort ships, aircraft carriers, a logistics support ship, coastal and offshore patrol ships, Antarctic support ship, training ships, and survey ships), unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), fighter jets, and lightweight training and utility helicopters.
Estes incluem a aquisição de embarcações (navios de caça às minas, navios de escolta, porta-aviões, um navio de apoio logístico, navios de patrulha costeira e offshore, navios de apoio à Antártica, navios de treinamento e navios de pesquisa), veículos aéreos não tripulados (UAVs), aviões de combate e helicópteros leves de treinamento e utilitários.
►ln addition, lhe Plan aims at lhe enlargement and modernisation of equipment used by lhe Marines Corps, lhe development of anti-ship missiles, and lhe, local construction of the country's first nuclear-powered submarine SN Álvaro Alberto.
Além disso, o Plano visa a ampliação e modernização dos equipamentos utilizados pelo Corpo de Fuzileiros Navais, o desenvolvimento de mísseis anti-navio e a construção local do primeiro submarino nuclear do país, o SN Álvaro Alberto.
  • Adapted from https://www.janes.com/
26 – According to lhe text, which option is correct?
(A) The Navy has a new Strategic Plan that will start in 2040.
(B) The R&D that will be carried ou! is expected to have little impact on DTI B.
(C) The Plan measures are restricted to activities that involve sea patrolling.
(D) The Plan contains a detailed calendar for lhe purchases and projects.
(E) The Plan includes projects that were once started but not finished.
  •   Gabarito E  
De acordo com o texto, qual opção está correta?
(A) The Navy has a new Strategic Plan that will start in 2040.
A Marinha tem um novo Plano Estratégico que terá início em 2040.
2º PARÁGRAFO:
The Plan, which was publicly released on 10 September, calls for a host of other new measures to be implemented
over the next 20 years.
O Plano, que foi divulgado publicamente em 10 de setembro, prevê a implementação de uma série de outras novas medidas ao longo dos próximos 20 anos.
(B) The R&D that will be carried out is expected to have little impact on DTI B.
Espera-se que a P&D que será realizada tenha pouco impacto no DTI B.
►The R&D increases are also meant to help boost lhe country's Defence Technological and Industrial Base (DTIB).
Os aumentos de P&D também visam ajudar a impulsionar a Base Tecnológica e Industrial de Defesa (BTIB) do país.
(C) The Plan measures are restricted to activities that involve sea patrolling.
As medidas do Plano estão restritas a atividades que envolvam patrulhamento marítimo.
4º PARÁGRAFO:
►According to the Plan, the Navy is, now going to focus more heavily on operations in lhe Southern Atlantic Ocean, paying particular attention to threats such as piracy, illegal fishing, organised crime, urban conflicts, natural resources dispute, cyber warfare, terrorism, illegal access to knowledge, the pandemics, natural disasters, and environmental issues.
De acordo com o Plano, a Marinha vai agora concentrar-se mais fortemente nas operações no Oceano Atlântico Sul, prestando especial atenção a ameaças como a pirataria, a pesca ilegal, o crime organizado, os conflitos urbanos, a disputa por recursos naturais, a guerra cibernética, o terrorismo, o acesso ilegal ao conhecimento, as pandemias, os desastres naturais e as questões ambientais.
(D) The Plan contains a detailed calendar for lhe purchases and projects.
O Plano contém um calendário detalhado de compras e projetos.
5º PARÁGRAFO:
►"[...] The document, which does not describe exact schedules".
O documento, que não descreve cronogramas exatos.
(E) The Plan includes projects that were once started but not finished.
O Plano inclui projetos que já foram iniciados mas não finalizado.
5º PARÁGRAFO:
►[...] also covers a range of modernisation projects that were previously planned or initiated, but no! yet effectively implemented or concluded.
abrange também uma série de projetos de modernização que foram previamente planejados ou iniciados, mas ainda não efetivamente implementados ou concluídos.

•    TEXTO III   Read the text below and answer questions 27 and 28.
Sleeping longer than 6.5 hours a night associated with cognitive decline according to research - what's really going on here?
Dormir mais de 6,5 horas por noite está associado ao declínio cognitivo, de acordo com pesquisas – o que realmente está acontecendo aqui?
November 5, 2021
5 de novembro de 2021
1º PARÁGRAFO:
A good night's sleep is important for many reasons.
Uma boa noite de sono é importante por vários motivos.
►lt helps our body repair itself and function as it should, and is linked to better mental health and lower risk of many health conditions - including heart disease and diabetes.
Ajuda o nosso corpo a reparar-se e a funcionar como deveria, e está ligado a uma melhor saúde mental e a um menor risco de muitas condições de saúde - incluindo doenças cardíacas e diabetes. 
►lt has also been shown that not getting enough sleep is linked to cognitive decline and conditions such as Alzheimer's disease.
Também foi demonstrado que não dormir o suficiente está ligado ao declínio cognitivo e a condições como a doença de Alzheimer.
2º PARÁGRAFO:
►However, more is not always better, as one recent study found.
No entanto, mais nem sempre é melhor, como descobriu um estudo recente.
►Researchers from lhe Washington University School of Medicine have published a paper that indicates that just like getting too little sleep, sleeping too much may also be linked with cognitive decline.
Pesquisadores da Escola de Medicina da Universidade de Washington publicaram um artigo que indica que, assim como dormir pouco, dormir demais também pode estar relacionado ao declínio cognitivo.
3º PARÁGRAFO:
►The research team wanted to know how much sleep was linked to cognitive impairment over time.
A equipe de pesquisa queria saber quanto sono estava associado ao comprometimento cognitivo ao longo do tempo.
►To do this, they looked at 100 older adults in their mid-to-late-70s, and tracked them for between four and five years.
Para fazer isso, eles analisaram 100 adultos mais velhos na faixa dos 70 anos e acompanharam-nos durante quatro a cinco anos.
►At lhe time of their study, 88 people did not show any signs of dementia, while 12 showed signs of cognitive impairment ( one with mild de mentia and 11 with the pre-dementia stage of mild cognitiv.a. impairment).
No momento do estudo, 88 pessoas não apresentavam quaisquer sinais de demência, enquanto 12 apresentavam sinais de comprometimento cognitivo (um com demência leve e 11 com estágio pré-demência de comprometimento cognitivo leve).
4º PARÁGRAFO:
►Throughout lhe study, participants were asked to complete a range of commonplace cognitive and neuropsychological tests to look for signs of cognitive decline or dementia.
Ao longo do estudo, os participantes foram convidados a completar uma série de testes cognitivos e neuropsicológicos comuns para procurar sinais de declínio cognitivo ou demência.
►Their scores from these tests were then combined into a single score, called the Preclinical Alzheimer Cognitive Composite (PACC) score.
As pontuações desses testes foram então combinadas em uma única pontuação, chamada pontuação Pré-clínica Alzheimer Cognitive Composite (PACC). 
►The higher the score, the better their cognition was over time.
Quanto maior a pontuação, melhor foi sua cognição ao longo do tempo.
5º PARÁGRAFO:
►Sleep was measured using a single-electrode encephalography (EEG) device, which participants wore on their forehead while sleeping, for a total of between four to six nights.
O sono foi medido por meio de um aparelho de encefalografia de eletrodo único (EEG), que os participantes usaram na testa enquanto dormiam, por um total de quatro a seis noites.
►This was dane once, three years after people first completed their annual cognitive tests.
Isso foi feito uma vez, três anos depois que as pessoas completaram pela primeira vez os testes cognitivos anuais.
►This EEG allowed the researchers · to accurately measure brain activity, which would tell !hem whether someone was asleep (and for how long), and how restful that sleep was.
Este EEG permitiu aos investigadores medir com precisão a atividade cerebral, o que lhes diria se alguém estava a dormir (e durante quanto tempo) e quão reparador foi esse sono.
6º PARÁGRAFO:
►Sleep was only measured atone period during the study, but this still gave the research team a good indication of participants' normal sleep habits.
O sono foi medido apenas em um período durante o estudo, mas isso ainda deu à equipe de pesquisa uma boa indicação dos hábitos normais de sono dos participantes.
►While using an EEG to measure brain activity may be somewhat disruptive to sleep on the first night, as people get used to the equipment, sleep tends to return to normal the following night.
Embora o uso de um EEG para medir a atividade cerebral possa atrapalhar um pouco o sono na primeira noite, à medida que as pessoas se acostumam com o equipamento, o sono tende a voltar ao normal na noite seguinte.
►This means that when sleep is tracked from the second night onwards, it is a good representation of a person's normal sleep habits.
Isto significa que quando o sono é monitorizado a partir da segunda noite, é uma boa representação dos hábitos normais de sono de uma pessoa.
7º PARÁGRAFO:
►The researchers also took into account other factors that can affect cognitive decline - including age, genetics and whether a person had signs of lhe protein beta-amyloid or tau, which are both linked to dementia.
Os investigadores também levaram em consideração outros factores que podem afectar o declínio cognitivo – incluindo idade, genética e se uma pessoa tinha sinais da proteína beta-amilóide ou tau, ambos ligados à demência.
8º PARÁGRAFO:
►Overall, the researchers found that sleeping less than 4.5 hours and more than 6.5 hours a night - alongside poor quality sleep - was associated with cognitive decline over time.
No geral, os investigadores descobriram que dormir menos de 4,5 horas e mais de 6,5 horas por noite – juntamente com um sono de má qualidade – estava associado ao declínio cognitivo ao longo do tempo.
►lnterestingly, the impact of sleep duration on cognitive function was similar to lhe effect of age, which is lhe greatest risk factor for developing cognitive decline.
Curiosamente, o impacto da duração do sono na função cognitiva foi semelhante ao efeito da idade, que é o maior fator de risco para o desenvolvimento do declínio cognitivo.
  • Adapted from https://theconversation.com/
27 – Decide if the statements below are true (T) or false (F) according to lhe text. Then choose lhe option that contains lhe correct sequence. 
  • (  ) The study aimed at finding out how much sleep in a year could cause dementia. 
  • (  ) People who were 70 years old were not included in lhe group of 100 older adults. 
  • (  ) Less than 15% of lhe subjects already had some levei of cognitive decline. 
  • (  ) Cognition tests were administered before lhe subjects' sleep patterns were tracked. 
  • (  ) The team concluded that lhe amount and the quality of sleep are linked to cognition.
(A) (T) (T) (T) (T) (F)
(B) (F) (T) (F) (F) (T)
(C) (F) (T) (T) (T) (T)
(D) (F) (F) (T) (T) (F)
(E) (T) (F) (F) (T) (F)
  •   Gabarito C  
Decida se as afirmações abaixo são verdadeiras (V) ou falsas (F) de acordo com o texto. Em seguida, escolha a opção que contém a sequência correta. 
( F ) The study aimed at finding out how much sleep in a year could cause dementia.
O estudo teve como objetivo descobrir quanto sono em um ano pode causar demência. 
( T ) People who were 70 years old were not included in lhe group of 100 older adults.
Pessoas com 70 anos não foram incluídas no grupo de 100 idosos. 
( T ) Less than 15% of lhe subjects already had some levei of cognitive decline.
Menos de 15% dos sujeitos já apresentavam algum nível de declínio cognitivo. 
( T ) Cognition tests were administered before lhe subjects' sleep patterns were tracked.
Testes de cognição foram aplicados antes do monitoramento dos padrões de sono dos sujeitos. 
( T ) The team concluded that lhe amount and the quality of sleep are linked to cognition.
A equipe concluiu que a quantidade e a qualidade do sono estão ligadas à cognição.

28 – What element does the pronoun "which" reter to in lhe sentence
  • "lnterestingly, the impact of sleep duration on cognitive function was similar to lhe effect of age, which is the greatest risk factor for developing cognitive decline."?
(A) lnterestingly.
(B) lmpact.
(C) Sleep duration.
(D) Cognitive function.
(E) Age.
  •   Gabarito E  
What element does the pronoun "which" reter to in lhe sentence?
A que elemento o pronome “que” se refere na sentença?
"lnterestingly, the impact of sleep duration on cognitive function was similar to lhe effect of agewhich is the greatest risk factor for developing cognitive decline."
"Curiosamente, o impacto da duração do sono na função cognitiva foi semelhante ao efeito da idadeque é o maior fator de risco para o desenvolvimento de declínio cognitivo."
(A) lnterestingly.
Curiosamente.
(B) lmpact.
impacto.
(C) Sleep duration.
Duração do sono.
(D) Cognitive function.
Função cognitiva.
(E) Age.
Idade

29 – Read the paragraph below. Complete lhe sentences with a, an, lhe or ∅  (no article). 
  • Not everyone is cut out for traveling or being away from ___ home for ___ long period of time, and that's perfectly fine! As someone with ___ younger brother still in high school, 1 personally chose to attend college at ___ university ___ hour away from my hometown.
(Adapted from https://www.collegeraptor.com/)
Now mark the option that completes lhe paragraph correctly.
(A) ∅ / a / a / an / a
(B) the / a / an / a / a
(C) ∅ / a / a / a / an
(D) a / ∅ / an / the / a
(E) the / a / a / an / an
  •   Gabarito C  
from home
for a long period of time
with a younger brother
at a university
an hour
(A) ∅ / a / a / an / a
(B) the / a / an / a / a
(C) ∅ / a / a / a / an
(D) a / ∅ / an / the / a
(E) the / a / a / an / an

30 – Mark the option that completes lhe text below correctly.
 
Bill Gregg never suspected that he would solve a 67-year-old mystery when he began digging a place for a pool. li was lhe middle of July when he started lhe excavation. He found a ring and sei out to locate its owner. 
"I can't believe that he took lhe time to find me," said Mrs. Gardner, who is 85 years old. 
Having already planned a trip back to lhe area to meet Gregg, Mrs. Gardner _______ lhe ring in person.
  • (Adapted from https://www.sharonherald.com)
(A) said him wants to give herself
(B) told that she wanted he gave her
(C) said she wanted him to give her
(D) said that she wanted he to give hers
(E) told him she wants him to give hers
  •   Gabarito C  
(A) said him wants to give herself
(B) told that she wanted he gave her
(C) said she wanted him to give her
(D) said that she wanted he to give hers
(E) told him she wants him to give hers

31 – Choose the correct option to complete lhe text below. 
Drone saves missing 65-year-old climber in the Himalayas 
Daniel Van Boom July 18, 2018
 
Scottish climber Rick Allen ___ a drone after he had fallen during a solo climb of Broad Peak mountain in the Himalayas. Allen's climbing bag ___ a base camp worker, prompting lhe drone ___ to successfully locate him. Then, Rick Allen ___ without significant injury.
  • (Adapted from https://www.cnet.com)
(A) was saved for / spotted / to be sent out / rescued
(B) saved / was spotted by / to send out / rescued
(C) was saved for / was spotted for / to send out / was rescued
(D) was saved by / spotted / to send out / was rescued
(E) was saved by / was spotted by / to be sent out / was rescued
  •   Gabarito E  
(A) was saved for / spotted / to be sent out / rescued
(B) saved / was spotted by / to send out / rescued
(C) was saved for / was spotted for / to send out / was rescued
(D) was saved by / spotted / to send out / was rescued
(E) was saved by / was spotted by / to be sent out / was rescued

32 – Which option completes the paragraph below correctly? 

Listen to this advice. ___ your toothache, joint pains, headache or cough in your lungs, for example. Some small issues may turn into a complicated situation as you start getting old, so ___ an appointment from your doctor and ___ diagnosed.
  • (Adapted from https://www.eatthis.com/)
(A) Don't ignore / make / gel
(B) Don't to ignore/ to make / to gel
(C) Don't ignoring / making / getting
(D) Don't ignore / to make / gel
(E) Don't to ignore / make / to get
  •   Gabarito A  
(A) Don't ignore / make / gel
(B) Don't to ignore/ to make / to gel
(C) Don't ignoring / making / getting
(D) Don't ignore / to make / gel
(E) Don't to ignore / make / to get

33 – Which option completes lhe text below correctly? 
Dr. How Hoong Au: Learning Mandarin at 75
 
Dr. How Hoong Au ___ born in Malaysia to parents from mainland China. His family ___ it would be better for him to learn in English than Mandarin or Cantonese. That ___ Au without much knowledge of any Chinese language.
 
At lhe age of 75, Au now attends lhe Toronto Mandarin School alongside his grandchildren, who ___ the language as well.
  • (Adapted from https://www.cbc.ca)
(A) is / figured / left / was learning
(B) was / figured / left / are learning
(C) were / figures / will leave / are learning
(D) is / figures / left / is learning
(E) was / figured / will leave / was learning
  •   Gabarito B  
(A) is / figured / left / was learning
(B) was / figured / left / are learning
(C) were / figures / will leave / are learning
(D) is / figures / left / is learning
(E) was / figured / will leave / was learning

34 – Which option completes the text below corrrectly? 
McLaren rue difficult day
 
Anna Francis, November 6, 2021

McLaren admit they have ____ work to do after enduring a difficult start to their Mexican Grand Prix weekend.
 
Daniel Ricciardo and Lando Norris ended up in 14th and 15th respectively on the Free Practice 1 timesheets, whilst Free Practice 2 brought further issues.
 
"These things happen, and we'II just have to gel into it tomorrow. We don't have ___ time to waste so we'II gel amongst it. We've got ___ challenges ahead but we'II be alright. We got ___ information from Lando today to be able to pick it up tomorrow," said Ricciardo.
  • (Adapted from https://racingnews365.com)
(A) enough / no / some / a lot
(B) a lot / some / a few / some
(C) plenty of / no / a little / enough
(D) enough / any / a little / a lot
(E) plenty of / any / a few / enough
  •   Gabarito E  
(A) enough / no / some / a lot
(B) a lot / some / a few / some
(C) plenty of / no / a little / enough
(D) enough / any / a little / a lot
(E) plenty of / any / a few / enough

35 – Which is the correct option to complete lhe paragraph below?
 
Aging is inevitable and yet it's hard ____ it's happening. lnside, you feel like you're 24 years old still, wanting ___ the most of life, maybe even more so now that you know there are more years behind you than ahead of you. And yet, no one told your body. lt's not the sarne as it used ____. Acknowledging this can ___ your life. You just need ___ a few habits. [ ... ] Start by ___ yourself [ ... ] 'What do I want?' That answer will drive every decision you make.
  • (Adapted from https://www.eatthis.com)
(A) admitting / to make / be / saving / to change / asking
(B) admitting / make / being / to save / changing / ask
(C) to admit / make / being / saving / change / ask
(D) to admit / to make / to be / save / to change / asking
(E) admitting / make / to be / to save / change / asking
  •   Gabarito D  
(A) admitting / to make / be / saving / to change / asking
(B) admitting / make / being / to save / changing / ask
(C) to admit / make / being / saving / change / ask
(D) to admit / to make / to be / save / to change / asking
(E) admitting / make / to be / to save / change / asking

36 – Which is the correct option to complete lhe text below?
 
TAMPA, Fia. -A Luiz man is now a millionaire after nearly ____ gas and buying a scratch-off ticket ata gas station in Tampa when he stopped to  _____  according to lhe Florida Lottery.
 
Feras AI Younes, 48, won lhe top prize and chose to take his winnings as a one-time payment.
 
"I was standing at lhe pumps when I suddenly realized I was holding a $2 million winning ticketl I was so excited that l left before my tank was full!" AI Younes said.
  • (Adapted from https://www.abcactionnews.com)
(A) running out of / pass away
(B) running out of / fill up
(C) catching up with / pass away
(D) looking up to / fill up
(E) looking up to / take away
  •   Gabarito B  
(A) running out of / pass away
(B) running out of / fill up
(C) catching up with / pass away
(D) looking up to / fill up
(E) looking up to / take away

37 – Which is the correct option to complete the paragraph below?
 
"Age-related macular degeneration (AMO) is the leading cause of blindness in people over the age of 50 in lhe United States. [ ... ]. lt's important ___ regularly to proactively protect your vision."
  • (Adapted from https://www.eatthis.com)
(A) to have your eyes examined
(B) to have examined your eyes
(C) your eyes have examined
(D) have examined your eyes
(E) to have your eyes examine
  •   Gabarito A  
(A) to have your eyes examined
(B) to have examined your eyes
(C) your eyes have examined
(D) have examined your eyes
(E) to have your eyes examine

38 – Which option completes lhe paragraph below correctly?
 
______ I went to Georgetown University on October 9, 2003, to interview Dr. James Alatis, I have to admit that I was nervous. ______ I had met him previously ai an international convention (a mutual friend introduced us), I was sure that he wouldn't remember me.
  • (Adapted from ANCKER, William P. A call to service.English Teaching Forum. v. 50, n. 1, p.18-19, 2012.)
(A) Before / Since
(B) After / Therefore
(C) While / Besides
(D) When / Although
(E) During / Despite
  •   Gabarito D  
(A) Before / Since
(B) After / Therefore
(C) While / Besides
(D) When / Although
(E) During / Despite

39 – Which option completes the sentence below correctly? 
  • You had a dog when you were a kid, _____ ?
(A) hadn't you
(B) had you
(C) didn't you
(D) have you
(E) weren't you
  •   Gabarito C  
(A) hadn't you
(B) had you
(C) didn't you
(D) have you
(E) weren't you

40 – Which option completes lhe dialogue below correctly?
 
"I want to have an animal," Rick said futilely, and gestured empty-handed.
_______ Deckard replied.
  • (Adapted from DICK, Philip K Do androids dream of e/ectric sheep?1968, p. 7)
(A) "So have !,"
(B) "So do !,"
(C) "Nor have !,"
(D) "So did !,"
(E) "Nor did !,"
  •   Gabarito B  
(A) "So have !,"
(B) "So do !,"
(C) "Nor have !,"
(D) "So did !,"
(E) "Nor did !,"