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quinta-feira, 15 de maio de 2025

IME 2024/2025 – English Exam (Multiple Choice Questions)

 

https://www.ime.eb.mil.br

❑ TEXTO 1:
ChatGPT X: Redefining Conversations with Advanced AI

In the ever-expanding __(21)__ of artificial intelligence, ChatGPT X stands as a __(22)__ of innovation, heralding a new era in digital interactions. Developed by OpenAI, ChatGPT X represents the __(23)__ of conversational AI, offering a __(24)__ into the future of human-computer interaction. Step into the future of chatbots - ChatGPT X Online is here to chat and assist you. ChatGPT X builds __(25)__ the foundations __(26)__ by its predecessors, incorporating sophisticated deep learning techniques and vast datasets to comprehend and generate human-like text. Its ability to engage in __(27)__ contextually relevant conversations marks a significant advancement in natural language processing, setting it __(28)__ from conventional chatbots.

Unlike earlier iterations, ChatGPT X __(29)__ an impressive capability to maintain context throughout conversations. This means it can understand the __(30)__ of dialogue, respond coherently, and adapt its answers based on the ongoing conversation. This contextual __(31)__ adds a layer of sophistication, making interactions with ChatGPT X feel remarkably natural. The versatility of ChatGPT X extends across a __(32)__ of applications, making it a versatile tool in diverse fields.
21 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2024/2025) 
(A) outside
(B) register
(C) realm
(D) body
(E) improving
•    Gabarito C  
  • In the ever-expanding realm of artificial intelligence,
  • No domínio sempre em expansão da inteligência artificial,
(A) outside (fora)
(B) register (registro)
(C) realm (domínio, reino, esfera)
(D) body (corpo)
(E) improving (melhoramento)

22 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2024/2025)
(A) beacon
(B) concealer
(C) obscure
(D) mask
(E) stealth
•    Gabarito A  
(A) beacon (farol)
(B) concealer (corretivo)
(C) obscure (obscuro)
(D) mask (máscara)
(E) stealth (furtividade)
  • In the ever-expanding realm of artificial intelligence, ChatGPT X stands as beacon of innovation, heralding a new era in digital interactions.
  • No domínio sempre em expansão da inteligência artificialo ChatGPT X posiciona-se como um farol de inovação, anunciando uma nova era nas interações digitais.
23 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2024/2025)
(A) outdated method
(B) dated technology
(C) cutting edge
(D) legacy technology
(E) bygone area
•    Gabarito C  
(A) outdated method (método desatualizado)
(B) dated technology (tecnologia desatualizada)
(C) cutting edge (tecnologia de ponta)
(D) legacy technology ( tecnologia legada, tecnologia em desuso)
(E) bygone area (era passada, época passada)
  • Developed by OpenAI, ChatGPT X represents the cutting edge of conversational AI,
  • Desenvolvido pela OpenAI, o ChatGPT X representa o que há de mais moderno em IA conversacional,
24 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2024/2025)
(A) stare
(B) gaze
(C) scrutinity
(D) ignore
(E) glimpse
•    Gabarito E  
(A) stare (olhar fixo)
(B) gaze (olhar contemplativo)
(C) scrutinity (escrutínio)
(D) ignore (ignorar)
(E) glimpse (vislumbre)
  • Developed by OpenAI, ChatGPT X represents the cutting edge of conversational AI, offering a glimpse into the future of human-computer interaction.
  • Desenvolvido pela OpenAI, o ChatGPT X representa o que há de mais moderno em IA conversacional, oferecendo um vislumbre do futuro da interação humano-computador.
25 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2024/2025)
(A) upon
(B) above
(C) against
(D) away
(E) down
•    Gabarito A  
(A) upon
(B) above
(C) against
(D) away
(E) down
  • ChatGPT X builds upon the foundations
  • O ChatGPT X baseia-se nas fundações
>> TO BUILD UPON - basear-se em, desenvolver, expandir, ampliar.

26 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2024/2025)
(A) disassembled
(B) laid
(C) extracted
(D) lifted
(E) repealed
•    Gabarito B  
(A) disassembled (desmontadas)
(B) laid (estabelecidas)
(C) extracted (extraídas)
(D) lifted (elevadas)
(E) repealed (revogadas)
  • ChatGPT X builds upon the foundations laid by its predecessors, incorporating sophisticated deep learning techniques and vast datasets to comprehend and generate human-like text.
  • O ChatGPT X baseia-se nas fundações estabelecidas pelos seus antecessores, incorporando técnicas sofisticadas de aprendizagem profunda e vastos conjuntos de dados para compreender e gerar texto semelhante ao humano.
27 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2024/2025)
(A) unsutle
(B) blunt
(C) nuanced
(D) generalized
(E) simplistic
•    Gabarito C  
(A) unsubtle noticeable (perceptível), obvious (óbvia), direct(direta).
(B) blunt (rude)
(C) nuanced (diferenciada, matizada)
(D) generalized (generalizado)
(E) simplistic (simplista)
  • Its ability to engage in nuanced contextually relevant conversations marks a significant advancement in natural language processing,
  • A sua capacidade de se envolver em conversas diferenciadas e contextualmente relevantes marca um avanço significativo no processamento de linguagem natural,
28 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2024/2025)
(A) amongst
(B) amid
(C) along
(D) apart
(E) coupled
•    Gabarito D  
(A) amongst
(B) amid
(C) along
(D) apart
(E) coupled
  • Its ability to engage in nuanced contextually relevant conversations marks a significant advancement in natural language processing, setting it apart from conventional chatbots.
  • A sua capacidade de se envolver em conversas diferenciadas e contextualmente relevantes marca um avanço significativo no processamento de linguagem natural, diferenciando-o dos chatbots convencionais.
29 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2024/2025)
(A) decries
(B) shrinks
(C) disparages
(D) trivializes
(E) boasts
•    Gabarito E  
(A) decries (lamenta)
(B) shrinks (encolhe)
(C) disparages (menospreza)
(D) trivializes (banaliza)
(E) boasts (TEM ou POSSUI ALGO DE QUE SE ORGULHA)
  • Unlike earlier iterations, ChatGPT X boasts an impressive capability to maintain context throughout conversations. 
  • Ao contrário das iterações anteriores, o ChatGPT X tem uma capacidade impressionante de manter o contexto durante as conversas.
>> TO BOAST - TO HAVE or OWN SOMETHING TO BE PROUD OF

30 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2024/2025)
(A) simplicities
(B) roughness
(C) intrincacies
(D) obviousness
(E) shallows
•    Gabarito C  
(A) simplicities
(B) roughness
(C) intrincacies
(D) obviousness
(E) shallows
  • This means it can understand the obviousness of dialogue, respond coherently, and adapt its answers based on the ongoing conversation.
  • Isto significa que pode compreender a obviedade do diálogo, responder de forma coerente e adaptar as suas respostas com base na conversa em curso.
31 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2024/2025)
(A) awareness
(B) unconsciousness
(C) disregard
(D) unconcer
(E) indifference
•    Gabarito A  
(A) awareness consciência
(B) unconsciousness inconsciência
(C) disregard desconsideração
(D) unconcer despreocupação
(E) indifference indiferença
  • This contextual awareness adds a layer of sophistication,
  • Esta consciência contextual acrescenta uma camada de sofisticação,
32 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2024/2025)
(A) few
(B) sparse
(C) scarcity
(D) scant
(E) myriad
•    Gabarito E  
(A) few poucos
(B) sparse escasso 
(C) scarcity escassez
(D) scant escasso 
(E) myriad infinidade
  • The versatility of ChatGPT X extends across a myriad of applications, making it a versatile tool in diverse fields.
  • A versatilidade do ChatGPT X estende-se a uma infinidade de aplicações, sendo por isso uma ferramenta versátil em diversos campos
(A) few poucos
(B) sparse escasso 
(C) scarcity escassez
(D) scant escasso 
(E) myriad infinidade

 TEXTO 2:
Drones Could Spot Crime Scenes from Afar
Drones conseguem detetar cenas de crime de longe
A system could aid forensic searches and crime-scene mapping by detecting reflections from human materials
Um sistema poderia ajudar nas pesquisas forenses e no mapeamento da cena do crime, detectando reflexos de materiais humanos
BY RACHEL BERKOWITZ

Volunteers sometimes spend months trudging through remote terrain to search for lost hikers or crime victims.
Os voluntários. às vezes,  passam meses caminhando por terrenos remotos em busca de caminhantes perdidos ou vítimas de crime.
  • "sometimes" - às vezes, alguma vezes, muitas vezes, ocasionalmente.
  • "to trudge" - marchar, arrastar-se, caminhar.
  • "lost hikers" - caminhantes perdidos.
  • "to search for" - procurar, buscar.
But a new tool could soon pinpoint forensic evidence from the sky instead.
Mas uma nova ferramenta poderá em breve identificar provas forenses do céu.
  • "a new tool" - uma nova ferramenta, uma nova ferramenta.
  • "soon" - em breve, brevemente, em pouco tempo.
  • "to pinpoint" - identificar, apontar, indicar.
  • "forensic evidence" - provas forenses.
By identifying how traces of blood and other human signs reflect light when found on various natural surfaces, the scientists say searchers will be able to quickly scour large areas for clues about missing persons — dead or alive — using images acquired by drones.
Ao identificar como os vestígios de sangue e outros sinais humanos refletem a luz quando encontrados em várias superfícies naturais, os cientistas dizem que os investigadores serão capazes de vasculhar rapidamente grandes áreas em busca de pistas sobre pessoas desaparecidas – vivas ou mortas – utilizando imagens adquiridas por drones.
  • "traces of blood" - vestígios de sangue.
  • "and other human signs" - e outros sinais humanos.
  • "natural surfaces" - superfícies naturais.
  • "will be able to quickly" - serão capazes rapidamente de .
  • "scour large areas" - vasculhar grandes áreas.
  • "missing persons" - pessoas desaparecidas.
Special drone-mounted sensors can record wavelength intensity for the entire electromagnetic spectrum (rather than just the red, green and blue of a typical camera) in each pixel of an image.
Os sensores especiais montados nos drones podem registar a intensidade do comprimento de onda para todo o espectro eletromagnético (em vez de apenas o vermelho, o verde e o azul de uma câmara típica) em cada pixel de uma imagem. 
  • "Special drone-mounted sensors" - Os sensores especiais montados nos drones.
Geologists routinely use this technology to pinpoint mineral deposits. Mark Krekeler, a mineralogist at Miami University in Ohio, and his colleagues realized that the same approach, supported by the right spectral data library, could potentially detect forensic evidence.
Os geólogos utilizam rotineiramente esta tecnologia para localizar depósitos minerais. Mark Krekeler, mineralogista da Universidade de Miami, no Ohio, e os seus colegas perceberam que a mesma abordagem, apoiada pela biblioteca de dados espectrais correta, poderia potencialmente detectar provas forenses
To build their tool, the researchers measured how human-related features, including blood, sweaty clothing and skin tones, reflect different wavelengths of light.
Para construir a sua ferramenta, os pesquisadores mediram como as características relacionadas com o ser humano, incluindo sangue, roupas suadas e tons de pele, refletem diferentes comprimentos de onda de luz. 
  • "wavelengths of light" - Comprimentos de onda de luz.
Previous studies have examined such reflective “signatures” to identify blood, “but the signature depends on the surface itself and may change over time,” Krekeler says.
Estudos anteriores examinaram estas “assinaturas” reflexivas para identificar sangue, “mas a assinatura depende da própria superfície e pode mudar com o tempo”, diz Krekeler. 
He and his team analyzed thousands of samples, such as bloodstains on different rock types, recording how they changed as the blood dried.
Ele e a sua equipa analisaram milhares de amostras, como manchas de sangue em diferentes tipos de rochas, registando como estas mudavam à medida que o sangue secava.
The researchers customized software that mixes the known reflective signatures of various surfaces to reproduce a target of interest.
Os pesquisadores personalizaram um software que mistura as assinaturas reflexivas conhecidas de várias superfícies para reproduzir um alvo de interesse. 
For example, rock and clothing signatures can be combined to seek a hiker lost in the mountains, or a blood signature can be mixed with those of clothing and sand to search for a wounded person in a desert.
Por exemplo, as assinaturas de pedras e roupas podem ser combinadas para procurar um caminhante perdido nas montanhas, ou uma assinatura de sangue pode ser misturada com roupas e areia para procurar uma pessoa ferida no deserto.
The software estimates whether the target exists in any pixel in an image.
O software estima se o alvo existe em algum pixel de uma imagem.
It can distinguish between an animal and a human in dense forest, search a cityscape for evidence of a specific person in a blue cotton dress, or determine whether soil is stained by blood or diesel fuel, Krekeler says.
Consegue distinguir entre um animal e um ser humano numa floresta densa, procurar na paisagem urbana evidências de uma pessoa específica com um vestido de algodão azul ou determinar se o solo está manchado de sangue ou de gasóleo, diz Krekeler. 
His team was slated to present its work at the Geological Society of America’s meeting of the North-Central Section in April.
A sua equipa estava programada para apresentar o seu trabalho na reunião da Secção Centro-Norte da Geological Society of America, em abril.
Wendy Calvin, a planetary scientist at the University of Nevada, Reno, who was not involved with the study, calls it “an interesting and novel use of spectral data—and the technique looks promising.”
Wendy Calvin, cientista planetária da Universidade de Nevada, Reno, que não esteve envolvida no estudo, considera-o “um uso interessante e novo de dados espectrais – e a técnica parece promissora”.
But she says it could 25 be challenging to use from afar because of how much of a substance would likely be needed to show up in a pixel.
Mas ela diz que pode ser um desafio usar à distância devido à quantidade de substância que provavelmente seria necessária para aparecer num pixel.
Within months, officials will be able to download and test the tool for themselves. Developing best-practice protocols for search teams could make such technology routine for investigations and forensics, Krekeler says.
Dentro de meses, as autoridades poderão descarregar e testar a ferramenta por si próprias. O desenvolvimento de protocolos de melhores práticas para equipas de busca poderá tornar esta tecnologia numa rotina para investigações e análises forenses, diz Krekeler.
As drones and sensors become more widespread, he adds, they can transform investigations that are currently costly, labor-intensive or even impossible.
À medida que os drones e os sensores se tornam mais difundidos, acrescenta, podem transformar investigações que são atualmente dispendiosas, intensivas em mão-de-obra ou mesmo impossíveis.
33 – According to the text, what does the word ”scour” mean (LINE 4)?

(A) to fly drones over large areas.
(B) to search thoroughly and quickly.
(C) to analyze mineral deposits.
(D) to create spectral data libraries.
(E) to measure wavelength intensity.

•    Gabarito B  
  • "[...] the scientists say searchers will be able to quickly scour large areas."
  • os cientistas dizem que os investigadores serão capazes de vasculhar rapidamente grandes áreas
According to the text, what does the word ”scour” mean (LINE 4)?
De acordo com o texto, o que significa a palavra “limpar” (LINHA 4)?
(A) to fly drones over large areas.
sobrevoar grandes áreas com drones.
(B) to search thoroughly and quickly.
pesquisar completamente e rapidamente.
(C) to analyze mineral deposits.
analisar depósitos minerais.
(D) to create spectral data libraries.
criar bibliotecas de dados espectrais.
(E) to measure wavelength intensity.
medir a intensidade do comprimento de onda. 

34 – According to the text, what challenge did researchers face in identifying blood using reflective signatures?

(A) Blood leaves the same marks on surfaces.
(B) The technology cannot detect dried blood.
(C) The analyzed surfaces are unstable.
(D) Blood stains are often mistaken for other substances.
(E) Different surfaces reflect blood differently over time.
•    Gabarito E  
According to the text, what challenge did researchers face in identifying blood using reflective signatures?
De acordo com o texto, que desafio enfrentaram os pesquisadores ao identificar o sangue através de assinaturas reflexivas?
(A) Blood leaves the same marks on surfaces.
O sangue deixa as mesmas marcas nas superfícies.
(B) The technology cannot detect dried blood.
A tecnologia não consegue detectar sangue seco.
(C) The analyzed surfaces are unstable.
As superfícies analisadas são instáveis.
(D) Blood stains are often mistaken for other substances.
As manchas de sangue são frequentemente confundidas com outras substâncias.
(E) Different surfaces reflect blood differently over time.
Diferentes superfícies refletem o sangue de forma diferente ao longo do tempo.

>> TRECHO QUE JUSTIFICA:
  • "[...] Previous studies have examined such reflective “signatures” to identify blood, “but the signature depends on the surface itself and may change over time,” Krekeler says."
  • Estudos anteriores examinaram estas “assinaturas” reflexivas para identificar sangue, “mas a assinatura depende da própria superfície e pode mudar com o tempo”, diz Krekeler
35 – According to the text, which potential impact the new tool could have on future investigations?
(A) It will replace traditional search and rescue methods entirely.
(B) It will make investigations less expensive.
(C) It will primarily be used for geological surveys.
(D) It will only be accessible to large law enforcement agencies.
(E) It will be ineffective in urban areas.
•    Gabarito B   
According to the text, which potential impact the new tool could have on future investigations?
De acordo com o texto, que potencial impacto poderá a nova ferramenta ter em futuras investigações?
(A) It will replace traditional search and rescue methods entirely.
Substituirá inteiramente os métodos tradicionais de busca e salvamento.
(B) It will make investigations less expensive.
Tornará as investigações menos dispendiosas.
(C) It will primarily be used for geological surveys.
Será utilizado principalmente para pesquisas geológicas.
(D) It will only be accessible to large law enforcement agencies.
Só será acessível às grandes agências de aplicação da lei.
(E) It will be ineffective in urban areas.
Será ineficaz em meio urbano.

>> TRECHO QUE JUSTIFICA:
  • "[...] As drones and sensors become more widespread, he adds, they can transform investigations that are currently costly, labor-intensive or even impossible."
  • À medida que os drones e os sensores se tornam mais difundidos, acrescenta, podem transformar investigações que são atualmente dispendiosas, intensivas em mão-de-obra ou mesmo impossíveis.
36 – According to the text, what will the drones be able to record through its sensors?
(A) The mineral deposits.
(B) The quantity of pixels of an image.
(C) The electromagnetic spectrum like a typical camera.
(D) The wavelength intensity for the entire electromagnetic spectrum.
(E) Just the red, green and blue electromagnetic spectrum.
•    Gabarito D    
According to the text, what will the drones be able to record through its sensors?
Segundo o texto, o que conseguirão os drones registar através dos seus sensores?
(A) The mineral deposits.
Os depósitos minerais.
(B) The quantity of pixels of an image.
A quantidade de pixéis de uma imagem.
(C) The electromagnetic spectrum like a typical camera.
O espectro eletromagnético como uma câmara típica.
(D) The wavelength intensity for the entire electromagnetic spectrum.
A intensidade do comprimento de onda para todo o espectro eletromagnético.
(E) Just the red, green and blue electromagnetic spectrum.
Apenas o espectro eletromagnético vermelho, verde e azul.

>> TRECHO QUE JUSTIFICA:
  • "[...] Special drone-mounted sensors can record wavelength intensity for the entire electromagnetic spectrum (rather than just the red, green and blue of a typical camera) in each pixel of an image."
  • Os sensores especiais montados nos drones podem registar a intensidade do comprimento de onda para todo o espectro eletromagnético (em vez de apenas o vermelho, o verde e o azul de uma câmara típica) em cada pixel de uma imagem
37 – According to the text, choose the correct sentence:
(A) The researched items reflect different wavelengths of light.
(B) Reflective signatures are unique and immutable.
(C) The signature can modify the surface over time.
(D) The results of the analyses will be the same in recent or dried blood.
(E) Surfaces change as the blood dries.
•    Gabarito A    
According to the text, choose the correct sentence:
De acordo com o texto, escolhe a frase correta:
(A) The researched items reflect different wavelengths of light.
Os itens pesquisados ​​​​refletem diferentes comprimentos de onda de luz.
(B) Reflective signatures are unique and immutable.
As assinaturas refletoras são únicas e imutáveis.
(C) The signature can modify the surface over time.
A assinatura pode modificar a superfície ao longo do tempo.
(D) The results of the analyses will be the same in recent or dried blood.
Os resultados das análises serão os mesmos em sangue recente ou seco.
(E) Surfaces change as the blood dries.
As superfícies mudam à medida que o sangue seca.

>> TRECHO QUE JUSTIFICA:
  • "[...] To build their tool, the researchers measured how human-related features, including blood, sweaty clothing and skin tones, reflect different wavelengths of light."
  • Para construir a sua ferramenta, os pesquisadores mediram como as características relacionadas com o ser humano, incluindo sangue, roupas suadas e tons de pele, refletem diferentes comprimentos de onda de luz
38 – Which of these options is NOT an item of the invention mentioned in the text?
(A) Check if a target is in any pixel of an image.
(B) Find out if a specific blue dress is made of cotton.
(C) Make specific searches in urban areas.
(D) Identify if the ground is stained with blood or diesel.
(E) Differentiating between an animal and a human being in a forest.
•    Gabarito B     
Which of these options is NOT an item of the invention mentioned in the text?
Qual destas opções NÃO é um item da invenção citada no texto?
(A) Check if a target is in any pixel of an image.
Verificar se um alvo se encontra em algum pixel de uma imagem.
  • "[...] The software estimates whether the target exists in any pixel in an image.
  • O software estima se o alvo existe em algum pixel de uma imagem.
(B) Find out if a specific blue dress is made of cotton.
Descubrir se um vestido azul específico é feito de algodão.
(C) Make specific searches in urban areas.
Fazer pesquisas específicas em áreas urbanas.
  • "[...] It can distinguish between an animal and a human in dense forest, search a cityscape for evidence of a specific person in a blue cotton dress, or determine whether soil is stained by blood or diesel fuel, Krekeler says.
  • Consegue distinguir entre um animal e um ser humano numa floresta densa, procurar na paisagem urbana evidências de uma pessoa específica com um vestido de algodão azul ou determinar se o solo está manchado de sangue ou de óleo diesel, diz Krekeler. 
(D) Identify if the ground is stained with blood or diesel.
Identificar se o solo está manchado de sangue ou de óleo diesel.
  • "[...] It can distinguish between an animal and a human in dense forest, search a cityscape for evidence of a specific person in a blue cotton dress, or determine whether soil is stained by blood or diesel fuel, Krekeler says.
  • Consegue distinguir entre um animal e um ser humano numa floresta densa, procurar na paisagem urbana evidências de uma pessoa específica com um vestido de algodão azul ou determinar se o solo está manchado de sangue ou de óleo diesel, diz Krekeler. 
(E) Differentiating between an animal and a human being in a forest.
Diferenciar entre um animal e um ser humano numa floresta.
  • "[...] It can distinguish between an animal and a human in dense forest, search a cityscape for evidence of a specific person in a blue cotton dress, or determine whether soil is stained by blood or diesel fuel, Krekeler says.
  • Consegue distinguir entre um animal e um ser humano numa floresta densa, procurar na paisagem urbana evidências de uma pessoa específica com um vestido de algodão azul ou determinar se o solo está manchado de sangue ou de óleo diesel, diz Krekeler. 
39 – Mark the option that uses the passive voice correctly.
(A) This technology used to use by geologists to pinpoint mineral deposits.
(B) This technology used by geologists pinpoint mineral deposits.
(C) This technology have used by geologists to pinpoint mineral deposits.
(D) This technology did use by geologists to pinpoint mineral deposits.
(E) This technology is used by geologists to pinpoint mineral deposits.
•    Gabarito E    
THE PASSIVE VOICE = "to be" + Past Participle: 
Mark the option that uses the passive voice correctly.
(A) This technology used to use by geologists to pinpoint mineral deposits.
(B) This technology used by geologists pinpoint mineral deposits.
(C) This technology have used by geologists to pinpoint mineral deposits.
(D) This technology did use by geologists to pinpoint mineral deposits.
(E) This technology is used by geologists to pinpoint mineral deposits.

40 – Which option can replace the emphasized word without changing its meaning?
  • ”Volunteers sometimes spend months trudging through remote terrain to search for lost hikers or crime victims.”
(A) Gliding
(B) Skipping
(C) Soaring
(D) Struggling
(E) Roaming
•    Gabarito D    
(A) Gliding (deslizando)
(B) Skipping (saltando)
(C) Soaring (deslizando)
(D) Struggling (lutando)
(E) Roaming (vagueando)  
Which option can replace the emphasized word without changing its meaning?
Que opção pode substituir a palavra enfatizada sem alterar o seu significado?
  • ”Volunteers sometimes spend months trudging through remote terrain to search for lost hikers or crime victims.”
  • Os voluntários passam por vezes meses a caminhar por terrenos remotos em busca de caminhantes perdidos ou vítimas de crime.

IME 2011/2012 – English Exam (Multiple Choice Questions)

  

https://www.ime.eb.mil.br 

  • Texto | Texto com 10 lacunas | 
  • 25 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) | 5 Options Question |
 TEXTO 1Para as questões de 16 a 25, leia o texto seguinte e complete as lacunas com a palavra ou expressão correta.

Atmospheric Physics is the study of physical processes in the atmosphere; understanding the climate and the weather, and the physical reasons __16__ it is as it is and how it might change in the future.
A Física Atmosférica é o estudo dos processos físicos da atmosfera; compreender o clima e o tempo, e as razões físicas que o fazem ser como é e como pode mudar no futuro.
My own particular research background is in radiative transfer and __17__ I mean the transport of electromagnetic radiation through the atmosphere; __18__ the Sun's radiation coming in, getting absorbed and scattered in the air, and the transfer of heat radiation emitted by the Earth's surface.
A minha formação específica em pesquisa é em transferência radiativa e ____ refiro-me ao transporte de radiação eletromagnética através da atmosfera; ____ a radiação do Sol que entra, é absorvida e dispersa no ar, e a transferência de radiação térmica emitida pela superfície da Terra.
From a __19__ physics perspective there’s an awful lot of things about the atmosphere that we don't understand, and of course, it's very classical physics in the __20__ that it’s looking at fluid dynamics and thermodynamics applied to the natural environment.
Na perspetiva da física de __19__, há muitas coisas sobre a atmosfera que não compreendemos e, claro, é uma física muito clássica em __20__ que analisa a dinâmica dos fluidos e a termodinâmica aplicadas ao ambiente natural.
What motivates us really is to try and explain what we see in the environment, what __21__ it and what might change it in the future, both in __22__ of local weather but also climate, by __23__ I mean larger areas and larger timescales.
O que realmente nos motiva é tentar explicar o que vemos no ambiente, o que o __21__ e o que o pode alterar no futuro, tanto em termos de clima local como de clima. Por __23__ refiro-me a áreas maiores e escalas de tempo maiores.
My background has led me to an interest in how solar radiation __24__ in the atmosphere, so __25__ at how changes in the Sun might affect the climate for the past year.
A minha formação levou-me a interessar-me pela forma como a radiação solar __24__ na atmosfera, e __25__ pela forma como as alterações no Sol podem afetar o clima no ano passado.

16 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012) 

(A) as
(B) because
(C) for
(D) why
(E) that

•    Gabarito D  
(A) as
(B) because
(C) for
(D) why
(E) that
  • Atmospheric Physics is the study of physical processes in the atmosphere; understanding the climate and the weather, and the physical reasons why it is as it is and how it might change in the future.
  • A Física Atmosférica é o estudo dos processos físicos na atmosfera; compreender o clima e o tempo, e as razões físicas pelas quais como ela é e como poderá mudar no futuro 

17 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012) 

(A) these
(B) as long as
(C) as soon as
(D) which
(E) by that

•    Gabarito E  

"BY THAT I MEAN" (com isso quero dizer):
(A) these
(B) as long as
(C) as soon as
(D) which
(E) by that
  • My own particular research background is in radiative transfer and by that I mean the transport of electromagnetic radiation through the atmosphere;
  • A minha experiência específica de investigação é em transferência radiativa e com isto quero dizer, o transporte de radiação eletromagnética através da atmosfera;

18 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012) 

(A) both
(B) neither
(C) if
(D) but
(E) not only

•    Gabarito A  
TÓPICO - BOTH ..., AND ... :
  • both the Sun's radiation coming in, getting absorbed and scattered in the air, and the transfer of heat radiation emitted by the Earth's surface.
  • tanto a radiação do Sol que chega, sendo absorvida e dispersa no ar, como a transferência da radiação de calor emitida pela superfície da Terra.
(A) both
(B) neither
(C) if
(D) but
(E) not only   

19 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012) 

(A) purposely
(B) possibly
(C) purely
(D) poorly
(E) previously

•    Gabarito C  
  • From a purely physics perspective there’s an awful lot of things about the atmosphere that we don't understand,
  • Numa perspetiva puramente física, há muitas coisas sobre a atmosfera que não compreendemos,
(A) purposely
(B) possibly
(C) purely
(D) poorly
(E) previously   

20 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012) 

(a) away
(b) sense
(c) meaning
(d) understand
(e) definition

•    Gabarito B  
"IN THE SENSE THAT" (no sentido em que):
  • it's very classical physics in the sense that it’s looking at fluid dynamics and thermodynamics applied to the natural environment.
  • é uma física muito clássica no sentido em que analisa a dinâmica dos fluidos e a termodinâmica aplicada ao meio natural.
(a) away
(b) sense
(c) meaning
(d) understand
(e) definition   

21 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012) 

(A) affections
(B) cause
(C) effects
(D) affects
(E) demands

•    Gabarito D  
  • What motivates us really is to try and explain what we see in the environment, what affects it and what might change it in the future,
  • O que realmente nos motiva é tentar explicar o que vemos no ambiente, o que o afeta e o que o poderá mudar no futuro,
(A) affections
(B) cause
(C) effects
(D) affects
(E) demands   

22 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012) 

(A) units
(B) reference
(C) relation
(D) conditions
(E) terms

•    Gabarito E 
  • both in terms of local weather but also climate,
  • tanto em termos de clima local, como também de clima,
(A) units
(B) reference
(C) relation
(D) conditions
(E) terms   

23 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012) 

(A) which
(B) who
(C) whom
(D) whose
(E) whether

•    Gabarito A  
"BY WHICH I MEAN" (Com isto quero dizer):
  • by which I mean larger areas and larger timescales.
  • com isto quero dizer áreas maiores e escalas de tempo maiores.
(A) which
(B) who
(C) whom
(D) whose
(E) whether   

24 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012) 

(A) absorbed
(B) is absorbing
(C) has absorbed
(D) is absorbed
(E) absorbs

•    Gabarito D  
PASSIVE VOICE ("to be" + Past Participle):
  • My background has led me to an interest in how solar radiation is absorbed in the atmosphere,
  • A minha formação levou-me a interessar-me pela forma como a radiação solar é absorvida na atmosfera,
(A) absorbed
(B) is absorbing
(C) has absorbed
(D) is absorbed
(E) absorbs   

25 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012) 

(A) I had looked
(B) I've been looking
(C) I look
(D) I will look
(E) I haven’t looked

•    Gabarito B  
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS:
  • so I've been looking at how changes in the Sun might affect the climate for the past year.
  • por isso, venho observando como as mudanças no Sol podem afetar o clima no ano passado.
(A) I had looked
(B) I've been looking
(C) I look
(D) I will look
(E) I haven’t looked   

❑ INSTRUÇÕESPara as questões de 11 a 15, encontram-se em destaque CINCO TERMOS ou EXPRESSÕES. Assinale a alternativa correspondente ao termo cujo emprego está INCORRETO.

26 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012) 

  • Whether you are interested in reconnecting with friends, and wish to organize a class reunion, the Alumni Relations team is here to help.

(A) interested
(B) in
(C) reconnecting
(D) and
(E) wish

•    Gabarito D  

"WHETHER ..., OR ..." = (Se ..., Ou ...),  (Quer ..., quer ...) :
  • Whether you are interested in reconnecting with friends, and wish to organize a class reunion, the Alumni Relations team is here to help.

>> SENTENÇA CORRIGIDA:

  • Whether you are interested in reconnecting with friends, or wish to organize a class reunion, the Alumni Relations team is here to help.
  • Se está interessado em reencontrar amigos ou deseja organizar uma reunião de turma, a equipa de Relações com Antigos Alunos está aqui para ajudar

(A) interested

(B) in

(C) reconnecting

(D) and

(E) wish  

27 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012) 

  • Delhi, Kolkata and Mumbai are home to three brands new chapters as part of the expanding Imperial College Teachers' Association.

(A) to
(B) brands
(C) chapters
(D) as
(E) expanding

•    Gabarito B  


"BRAND" = Adjective do not have plural form :
  • Delhi, Kolkata and Mumbai are home to three brands new chapters as part of the expanding Imperial College Teachers' Association.

>> SENTENÇA CORRIGIDA:

  • Delhi, Kolkata and Mumbai are home to three brand new chapters as part of the expanding Imperial College Teachers' Association.
  • Deli, Calcutá e Bombaim acolhem três novos capítulos como parte da crescente Associação de Professores do Imperial College.

(A) to

(B) brands

(C) chapters

(D) as

(E) expanding

28 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012) 

  • After dining, Richard Flaming, a mechanical engineer, described his 10-year odyssey to break the wind powered land speed recording at 126.2 mph, on March 20th.

(a) dining
(b) 10-year
(c) to
(d) recording
(e) on

•    Gabarito D  
(a) dining
(b) 10-year
(c) to
(d) recording
(e) on 

29 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012) 

I am currently studying for a PhD at the British Antarctic Survey working on the structural interpretation of gravity and magnetic going from east Antarctica, including both numerical and mechanical modelling of data.

(a) studying
(b) working
(c) going
(d) including
(e) modelling

•    Gabarito C  

(a) studying

(b) working

(c) going

(d) including

(e) modelling

  • I am currently studying for a PhD at the British Antarctic Survey working on the structural interpretation of gravity and magnetic going from east Antarctica, including both numerical and mechanical modelling of data.

>> SENTENÇA CORRIGIDA:

  • I am currently studying for a PhD at the British Antarctic Survey working on the structural interpretation of gravity and magnetic coming from east Antarctica, including both numerical and mechanical modelling of data.
  • Atualmente estou estudando para um doutoramento no British Antarctic Survey, trabalhando na interpretação estrutural da gravidade e do magnetismo proveniente do leste da Antártida, incluindo modelação numérica e mecânica de dados.

(a) studying

(b) working

(c) going

(d) including

(e) modelling

30 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012) 

Professor David Barry is a theoretical high-energy physicist and his work interest lays in the field of phenomenology in high energy collisions.

(a) his
(b) work
(c) interest
(d) lays
(e) in

•    Gabarito D  

LIES IN (reside em) :
  • Professor David Barry is a theoretical high-energy physicist and his work interest lays in the field of phenomenology in high energy collisions.

>> SENTENÇA CORRIGIDA:

  • Professor David Barry is a theoretical high-energy physicist and his work interest lies in the field of phenomenology in high energy collisions.
  • O Professor David Barry é um físico teórico de altas energias e o seu interesse profissional reside no campo da fenomenologia em colisões de altas energias.

❑ INSTRUÇÕESPara as questões 31 a 40, leia os excertos e marque a opção com a resposta correta

31 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012) 

  • "Torrential rain broke briefly on January 23rd, 2010. Nevertheless, 33 stalwarts of the Military Institute of Engineering kept on gathering and reminiscing."

What can be understood by the passage?

(a) In spite of the tempest, the gathering took place as planned.
(b) The torrential rain expected happened to pour lightly.
(c) Due to torrential rain just 33 people showed up.
(d) Heavy rains disturbed the meeting.
(e) The purpose of the gathering was observing the rain while telling of past experiences.

•    Gabarito A  

  • "Torrential rain broke briefly on January 23rd, 2010. Nevertheless, 33 stalwarts of the Military Institute of Engineering kept on gathering and reminiscing."
  • Momentaneamente, chuvas torrenciais(caudalosas) caíram no dia 23 de janeiro de 2010. Mesmo assim, 33 fiéis (valentes, corajosos) do Instituto Militar de Engenharia continuaram na na reunião e a recordar.

What can be understood by the passage?

(a) In spite of the tempest, the gathering took place as planned.

Apesar da tempestade, a reunião decorreu como planejado.

(b) The torrential rain expected happened to pour lightly.

A chuva torrencial esperada desceu ligeiramente.

(c) Due to torrential rain just 33 people showed up.

Devido às chuvas torrenciais, apenas compareceram 33 pessoas.

(d) Heavy rains disturbed the meeting.

Fortes chuvas perturbaram a reunião.

(e) The purpose of the gathering was observing the rain while telling of past experiences.

O objetivo do encontro foi observar a chuva enquanto contava experiências passadas.

32 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012) 

  • On the mountain slopes south of Pompeii, a group of Roman citizens flee the doomed city, leaving their footprints in a layer of volcanic ash. Two thousand years later the footprints are rediscovered, and a joint Anglo-Italian dig is set up. Eminent Oxford archaeologist, Professor Julian Lockhart, unearths an exciting finding, but then he vanishes mysteriously. English detectives Nick Roberts and Lucia Fabri go out to assist the Italian police with the investigation, unaware of the sinister forces – both human and natural – that lie in wait for them. Their subsequent race for survival sweeps them up in an eerie reenactment of historical events.

A synonym for the word "flee" is

(a) arrive
(b) investigate
(c) run away
(d) meet  
(e) face

•    Gabarito C  

"TO FLEE = TO RUN AWAY":

  • On the mountain slopes south of Pompeii, a group of Roman citizens flee the doomed city, leaving their footprints in a layer of volcanic ash. Two thousand years later the footprints are rediscovered, and a joint Anglo-Italian dig is set up. Eminent Oxford archaeologist, Professor Julian Lockhart, unearths an exciting finding, but then he vanishes mysteriously. English detectives Nick Roberts and Lucia Fabri go out to assist the Italian police with the investigation, unaware of the sinister forces – both human and natural – that lie in wait for them. Their subsequent race for survival sweeps them up in an eerie reenactment of historical events.
  • Nas encostas das montanhas a sul de Pompeia, um grupo de cidadãos romanos foge da cidade condenada, deixando as suas pegadas numa camada de cinzas vulcânicas. Dois mil anos depois, as pegadas são redescobertas e é criada uma escavação conjunta anglo-italiana. O eminente arqueólogo de Oxford, o professor Julian Lockhart, descobre uma descoberta emocionante, mas depois desaparece misteriosamente. Os detetives ingleses Nick Roberts e Lucia Fabri saem para ajudar a polícia italiana na investigação, desconhecendo as forças sinistras – humanas e naturais – que os aguardam. A subsequente corrida pela sobrevivência leva-os a uma sinistra reconstituição de acontecimentos históricos.

A synonym for the word "flee" is

(a) arrive (chegar)

(b) investigate (investigar)

(c) run away (fugir)

(d) meet (conhecer)

(e) face (encarar)

33 – The passage can most probably be found in

(a) a comic book
(b) a message board in the police department
(c) the obituary notice of a newspaper
(d) a tourism and travel tips brochure
(e) the review column of a magazine

•    Gabarito E  

The passage can most probably be found in

O texto pode ser provavelmente encontrada em

(a) a comic book

um livro de desenhos animados

(b) a message board in the police department

um quadro de mensagens no departamento de polícia

(c) the obituary notice of a newspaper

 o aviso de obituário de um jornal

(d) a tourism and travel tips brochure

um folheto de dicas de turismo e viagens

(e) the review column of a magazine

a coluna de resenha de uma revista

34 – About the passage, it is correct to affirm that

(a) Pompeii mountain slopes are made of volcanic ashes.
(b) ancient footprints led to an exciting discovery.
(c) footprints found two hundred years before reunited archaeologists from two countries.
(d) Roman inhabitants sweep volcanic ashes two thousand years after the volcano burst.
(e) Anglo-Italian team members dig the ashes in search of a detective.

•    Gabarito B  

About the passage, it is correct to affirm that

Sobre o texto, é correto afirmar que

(a) Pompeii mountain slopes are made of volcanic ashes.

As encostas das montanhas de Pompeia são constituídas por cinzas vulcânicas.

(b) ancient footprints led to an exciting discovery.

as pegadas antigas levaram a uma descoberta emocionante.

(c) footprints found two hundred years before reunited archaeologists from two countries.

pegadas encontradas duzentos anos antes de arqueólogos de dois países se reunirem.

(d) Roman inhabitants sweep volcanic ashes two thousand years after the volcano burst.

Os habitantes romanos varrem as cinzas vulcânicas dois mil anos após a explosão do vulcão.

(e) Anglo-Italian team members dig the ashes in search of a detective.

Membros da equipa anglo-italiana escavam as cinzas em busca de um detetive.

35 – About Professor Julian Lockhart it is known that he

(a) passed away.
(b) is a mysterious archeologist.
(c) investigates intriguing vanishings.
(d) was killed in a volcano eruption.
(e) disappeared.

•    Gabarito E  

About Professor Julian Lockhart it is known that he

(a) passed away.
(b) is a mysterious archeologist.
(c) investigates intriguing vanishings.
(d) was killed in a volcano eruption.
(e) disappeared.

36 – About the English detectives it is possible to infer that they

(a) solved the mystery.
(b) are unable to face sinister forces.
(c) lied to the Italian police.
(d) are part of an Anglo-Italian team.
(e) investigate footprints left in a layer of volcanic ash.

•    Gabarito D  

About the English detectives it is possible to infer that they

(a) solved the mystery.
(b) are unable to face sinister forces.
(c) lied to the Italian police.
(d) are part of an Anglo-Italian team.
(e) investigate footprints left in a layer of volcanic ash.

37 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012)

  • "When I qualified as a military engineer, the wise old colonel who gave me my insignias said: "When you get to the front line, you will feel fear, but remember this: never fear the enemy, never fear the danger, only fear letting down those who have gone before you."
Which of the following comments could follow the previous scene?

(a) And that is what leaders call loneliness: its first aspect is that it is something that one really feels in times of crisis, when the sky is falling in around you and you are the only one who can make a decision as long as you are the first in command.
(b) And that is what leaders call humor: it is one of the things that I set great store by. A little bit
of humor at a time of crisis often just lifts the mood and gets you focused on something else.
(c) And that is what leaders call heritage: the sense of not just doing a job in the here and now, you belonging to something that’s got a fantastic foundation, and you feel responsible for its future.
(d) And that is what leaders call adaptability: it takes very different qualities to command a platoon at war, which is a tactical activity, and run a major change program in a large organization, which has to do with a more strategic leadership.
(e) And that is what leaders call delegation: delegators have a huge responsibility in terms of
judging the capability and competence of the people that they are giving the jobs to.

•    Gabarito C  

Which of the following comments could follow the previous scene?

(a) And that is what leaders call loneliness: its first aspect is that it is something that one really feels in times of crisis, when the sky is falling in around you and you are the only one who can make a decision as long as you are the first in command.
(b) And that is what leaders call humor: it is one of the things that I set great store by. A little bit
of humor at a time of crisis often just lifts the mood and gets you focused on something else.
(c) And that is what leaders call heritage: the sense of not just doing a job in the here and now, you belonging to something that’s got a fantastic foundation, and you feel responsible for its future.
(d) And that is what leaders call adaptability: it takes very different qualities to command a platoon at war, which is a tactical activity, and run a major change program in a large organization, which has to do with a more strategic leadership.
(e) And that is what leaders call delegation: delegators have a huge responsibility in terms of
judging the capability and competence of the people that they are giving the jobs to.

38 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012)

"Mars was warm enough to sustain lakes three billion years ago during the Hesperian Epoch, a period that was previously thought to be too cold and arid to sustain water on the surface, suggested a research published this January in the journal Geology. Dr Nicholas Warner, from the Department of Earth Science Engineering, said: "Most of the research on Mars has focused on its early history and the recent past. Scientists had largely overlooked the Hesperian Epoch as it was thought that Mars was then a frozen wasteland. Excitingly, our study now shows that this middle period in Mars’ history was much more dynamic than we previously imagined."" 

Which of the following alternatives is WRONG, according to the passage?

(a) The passage alludes to three different intervals of time in Mars' history.
(b) During the Hesperian Epoch, Mars was too cold and arid, clearing the possibility of lakes existence.
(c) Scientists in general used to neglect Mars' Hesperian Epoch.
(d) Mars has not always been a frozen wasteland.
(e) The Hesperian Epoch dates to three billion years ago.

•    Gabarito B  

Which of the following alternatives is WRONG, according to the passage?

(a) The passage alludes to three different intervals of time in Mars' history.
(b) During the Hesperian Epoch, Mars was too cold and arid, clearing the possibility of lakes existence.
(c) Scientists in general used to neglect Mars' Hesperian Epoch.
(d) Mars has not always been a frozen wasteland.
(e) The Hesperian Epoch dates to three billion years ago.

39 – The meaning of overlook in the passage is

(a) look at carefully
(b) rise above
(c) afford a view of from above
(d) look at from above
(e) fail to notice

•    Gabarito E  

(a) look at carefully
(b) rise above
(c) afford a view of from above
(d) look at from above
(e) fail to notice

40 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2011/2012)

"Dr Molly Stevens and her team in the Department of Materials and the Institute of Biomedical Engineering moved one step closer to understanding how to grow replacement bones with stem cell technology in July 2009. Dr Stevens, whose study was published in the journal Nature Materials, compared the ‘bone-like’ material grown from three different, commonly used, clinically relevant cell types and discovered that the materials that were grown from mouse skull and bone marrow stem cells successfully mimicked many of the hallmarks of real bone. She says: “It brings us one step closer to developing materials that will have the highest chance of success when implanted into patients.”

Which of the following headings is suitable to the passage?

(a) Scientists edge closer to implantable bone material.
(b) Scientists successfully implant bone marrow stem cells into patients.
(c) Bone-like material grown from mouse skull implanted into patients.
(d) Implanting replacement bones into mouse skull.
(e) Patient grew bone-like material from stem cell implanted by scientists.

•    Gabarito A  

Which of the following headings is suitable to the passage?

Qual dos seguintes títulos é adequado à passagem?

(a) Scientists edge closer to implantable bone material.

Os cientistas aproximam-se de material ósseo implantável.

(b) Scientists successfully implant bone marrow stem cells into patients.

Os cientistas implantam com sucesso células estaminais da medula óssea em pacientes.
(c) Bone-like material grown from mouse skull implanted into patients.

Material semelhante a osso cultivado a partir de crânio de ratinho e implantado em doentes.
(d) Implanting replacement bones into mouse skull.

Implantação de ossos de substituição no crânio do rato.
(e) Patient grew bone-like material from stem cell implanted by scientists.

O paciente desenvolveu material semelhante a osso a partir de células estaminais implantadas por cientistas.